Python: Add type annotations to all 'print' functions (#662)

* Add test to superstartrek and fixes several issues in superstartrek - I probably introduced them 🙈
* Mastermind type annotations

15_Boxing/python/boxing.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import random
 QUESTION_PROMPT = "? "
 
 
-def play():
+def play() -> None:
     print("BOXING")
     print("CREATIVE COMPUTING   MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print("\n\n")

16_Bug/python/Bug.py

@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ import random
 import time
 
 
-def print_n_whitespaces(n: int):
+def print_n_whitespaces(n: int) -> None:
     print(" " * n, end="")
 
 
-def print_n_newlines(n: int):
+def print_n_newlines(n: int) -> None:
     for _ in range(n):
         print()
 
 
-def print_feelers(n_feelers, is_player=True):
+def print_feelers(n_feelers, is_player: bool = True) -> None:
     for _ in range(4):
         print_n_whitespaces(10)
         for _ in range(n_feelers):
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def print_feelers(n_feelers, is_player=True):
         print()
 
 
-def print_head():
+def print_head() -> None:
     print("        HHHHHHH")
     print("        H     H")
     print("        H O O H")
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ def print_head():
     print("        HHHHHHH")
 
 
-def print_neck():
+def print_neck() -> None:
     print("          N N")
     print("          N N")
 
 
-def print_body(has_tail=False):
+def print_body(has_tail: bool = False) -> None:
     print("     BBBBBBBBBBBB")
     print("     B          B")
     print("     B          B")
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def print_body(has_tail=False):
     print("     BBBBBBBBBBBB")
 
 
-def print_legs(n_legs):
+def print_legs(n_legs: int) -> None:
     for _ in range(2):
         print_n_whitespaces(5)
         for _ in range(n_legs):

16_Bug/python/bug-overengineered.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def main(states, data) -> None:
 Bodypart = namedtuple("Bodypart", ["name", "count", "depends"])
 
 
-def print_start(_):
+def print_start(_) -> str:
     """
     Prints start message
     """
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def control_start(cmd):
     return action
 
 
-def print_instructions(data):
+def print_instructions(data) -> str:
     """
     Prints game instructions
     """
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def get_finished(data):
     return finished
 
 
-def print_game(data):
+def print_game(data) -> str:
     """
     Displays the results of the game turn
     """
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ def print_game(data):
     return input("DO YOU WANT THE PICTURES? ") if len(data["logs"]) else "n"
 
 
-def print_pictures(data):
+def print_pictures(data) -> None:
     """
     Displays what the bugs look like for each player
     """
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ def control_game(cmd):
     return action
 
 
-def print_winner(data):
+def print_winner(data) -> None:
     """
     Displays the winning message
     """
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ def exit_game(_):
     return "exit"
 
 
-def print_centered(msg, width=PAGE_WIDTH):
+def print_centered(msg, width=PAGE_WIDTH) -> None:
     """
     Prints given message centered to given width
     """
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ def print_centered(msg, width=PAGE_WIDTH):
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_table(rows):
+def print_table(rows) -> None:
     for row in rows:
         print(*row, sep="\t")
 

22_Change/python/change.py

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ Port by Dave LeCompte
 PAGE_WIDTH = 64
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def print_header(title):
     print()
 
 
-def print_introduction():
+def print_introduction() -> None:
     print("I, YOUR FRIENDLY MICROCOMPUTER, WILL DETERMINE")
     print("THE CORRECT CHANGE FOR ITEMS COSTING UP TO $100.")
     print()
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def pennies_to_dollar_string(p):
     return ds
 
 
-def compute_change():
+def compute_change() -> None:
     print("COST OF ITEM?")
     cost = float(input())
     print("AMOUNT OF PAYMENT?")
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def compute_change():
         print(f"{change_in_pennies} PENNY(S)")
 
 
-def print_thanks():
+def print_thanks() -> None:
     print("THANK YOU, COME AGAIN.")
     print()
     print()

23_Checkers/python/checkers.py

@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ MoveRecord = collections.namedtuple(
 )
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def is_legal_board_coordinate(x, y):
 
 
 class Board:
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
         self.spaces = [[0 for y in range(8)] for x in range(8)]
         for x in range(8):
             if (x % 2) == 0:
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class Board:
                 self.spaces[x][5] = COMPUTER_PIECE
                 self.spaces[x][1] = HUMAN_PIECE
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
         pieces = {
             EMPTY_SPACE: ".",
             HUMAN_PIECE: "O",
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ class Board:
         return True
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print("THIS IS THE GAME OF CHECKERS.  THE COMPUTER IS X,")
     print("AND YOU ARE O.  THE COMPUTER WILL MOVE FIRST.")
     print("SQUARES ARE REFERRED TO BY A COORDINATE SYSTEM.")
@@ -351,17 +351,17 @@ def print_instructions():
     print()
 
 
-def print_human_won():
+def print_human_won() -> None:
     print()
     print("YOU WIN.")
 
 
-def print_computer_won():
+def print_computer_won() -> None:
     print()
     print("I WIN.")
 
 
-def play_game():
+def play_game() -> None:
     board = Board()
 
     while True:

24_Chemist/python/chemist.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import random
 MAX_LIVES = 9
 
 
-def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(space_count: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if space_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * space_count
     else:

25_Chief/python/Chief.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-def print_lightning_bolt():
+def print_lightning_bolt() -> None:
 
     print("*" * 36)
     n = 24
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def print_lightning_bolt():
     print("*" * 36)
 
 
-def print_solution(n):
+def print_solution(n: int) -> None:
 
     print(f"\n{n} plus 3 gives {n + 3}. This Divided by 5 equals {(n + 3) / 5}")
     print(f"This times 8 gives {((n + 3) / 5) * 8}. If we divide 5 and add 5.")

32_Diamond/python/diamond.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Ported by Dave LeCompte
 """
 
 
-def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(space_count: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if space_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * space_count
     else:
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_diamond(begin_width, end_width, step, width, count):
+def print_diamond(begin_width, end_width, step, width, count) -> None:
     edgeString = "CC"
     fill = "!"
 

34_Digits/python/Digits.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def read_continue_choice():
         return False
 
 
-def print_summary_report(running_correct: int):
+def print_summary_report(running_correct: int) -> None:
     print()
     if running_correct > 10:
         print()

35_Even_Wins/python/evenwins.py

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def to_int(s):
         return False, 0
 
 
-def print_board():
+def print_board() -> None:
     global marbles_in_middle
     global human_marbles
     global computer_marbles

36_Flip_Flop/python/flipflop.py

@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ def flip_bits(
     """
     while m == n:
         r = r_function(n)
-        n = r - int(math.floor(r))
-        n = int(10 * n)
+        n_tmp = r - int(math.floor(r))
+        n = int(10 * n_tmp)
         if row[n] == "X":
             row[n] = "O"
             break
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def flip_bits(
     return row, n
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print(" " * 32 + "FLIPFLOP")
     print(" " * 15 + "CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print("\n" * 2)

38_Fur_Trader/python/furtrader.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ FORT_NEWYORK = 3
 FORT_NAMES = ["HOCHELAGA (MONTREAL)", "STADACONA (QUEBEC)", "NEW YORK"]
 
 
-def print_at_column(column: int, words: str):
+def print_at_column(column: int, words: str) -> None:
     """Print the words at the specified column"""
     spaces = " " * column  # make a fat string of spaces
     print(spaces + words)

39_Golf/python/test_golf.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from golf import (
 )
 
 
-def test_odds():
+def test_odds() -> None:
     n = 1000
     p = sum(odds(50) for i in range(n)) / n
     assert abs(p - 0.5) < 0.1

40_Gomoko/python/Gomoko.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ def print_n_whitespaces(n: int) -> None:
     print(" " * n, end="")
 
 
-def print_board(A: List[List[Any]], n):
+def print_board(A: List[List[Any]], n: int) -> None:
     """PRINT THE BOARD"""
     for i in range(n):
         print(" ", end="")
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def check_move(_I, _J, _N) -> bool:  # 910
     return True
 
 
-def print_banner():
+def print_banner() -> None:
     print_n_whitespaces(33)
     print("GOMOKU")
     print_n_whitespaces(15)

41_Guess/python/guess.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from math import log
 from random import random
 
 
-def insert_whitespaces():
+def insert_whitespaces() -> None:
     print("\n\n\n\n\n")
 
 

42_Gunner/python/gunner.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from math import sin
 from random import random
 
 
-def gunner():
+def gunner() -> None:
     gun_range = int(40000 * random() + 20000)
 
     print("\nMAXIMUM RANGE OF YOUR GUN IS", gun_range, "YARDS.")

45_Hello/python/hello.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Ported by Dave LeCompte
 import time
 
 
-def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(space_count: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if space_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * space_count
     else:

46_Hexapawn/python/hexapawn.py

@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ wins = 0
 losses = 0
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def print_header(title):
     print()
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print(
         """
 THIS PROGRAM PLAYS THE GAME OF HEXAPAWN.
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ def init_board():
     return [COMPUTER_PIECE] * 3 + [EMPTY_SPACE] * 3 + [HUMAN_PIECE] * 3
 
 
-def print_board(board):
+def print_board(board) -> None:
     piece_dict = {COMPUTER_PIECE: "X", EMPTY_SPACE: ".", HUMAN_PIECE: "O"}
 
     space = " " * 10
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ def get_coordinates():
             print_illegal()
 
 
-def print_illegal():
+def print_illegal() -> None:
     print("ILLEGAL MOVE.")
 
 

48_High_IQ/python/High_IQ.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def new_board():
     return board
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print(
         """
 HERE IS THE BOARD:
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ NUMBERS.  OK, LET'S BEGIN.
     )
 
 
-def print_board(board):
+def print_board(board) -> None:
     """Prints the boards using indexes in the passed parameter"""
     print(" " * 2 + board[13] + board[14] + board[15])
     print(" " * 2 + board[22] + board[23] + board[24])
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ def print_board(board):
     print(" " * 2 + board[67] + board[68] + board[69])
 
 
-def play_game():
+def play_game() -> None:
     # Create new board
     board = new_board()
 

50_Horserace/python/horserace.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import random
 import time
 
 
-def basic_print(*zones, **kwargs):
+def basic_print(*zones, **kwargs) -> None:
     """Simulates the PRINT command from BASIC to some degree.
     Supports `printing zones` if given multiple arguments."""
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def setup_horses():
     return [round(total / odd, 2) for odd in odds]
 
 
-def print_horse_odds(odds):
+def print_horse_odds(odds) -> None:
     """Print the odds for each horse"""
 
     basic_print("")
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def get_distance(odd):
         return 7
 
 
-def print_race_state(total_distance, race_pos):
+def print_race_state(total_distance, race_pos) -> None:
     """Outputs the current state/stop of the race.
     Each horse is placed according to the distance they have travelled. In
     case some horses travelled the same distance, their numbers are printed
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ def simulate_race(odds):
         time.sleep(1)
 
 
-def print_race_results(race_positions, odds, bets, player_names):
+def print_race_results(race_positions, odds, bets, player_names) -> None:
     """Print the race results, as well as the winnings of each player"""
 
     # print the race positions first

52_Kinema/python/kinema.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ g = 10
 EXPECTED_ACCURACY_PERCENT = 15
 
 
-def print_with_tab(spaces_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(spaces_count, msg) -> None:
     if spaces_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * spaces_count
     else:

54_Letter/python/letter.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import random
 BELLS_ON_SUCCESS = False
 
 
-def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(space_count: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if space_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * space_count
     else:
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print("LETTER GUESSING GAME")
     print()
     print("I'LL THINK OF A LETTER OF THE ALPHABET, A TO Z.")

55_Life/python/life.py

@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ MAX_WIDTH = 70
 MAX_HEIGHT = 24
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()

57_Literature_Quiz/python/litquiz.py

@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ questions = [
 ]
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((64 - len(msg)) // 2)
 
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print("TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF CHILDREN'S LITERATURE.")
     print()
     print("THIS IS A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUIZ.")

59_Lunar_LEM_Rocket/python/lunar.py

@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ BURN_RIGHT = BURN_LEFT + BURN_WIDTH
 PhysicalState = collections.namedtuple("PhysicalState", ["velocity", "altitude"])
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def add_ljust(line, s, pos):
     return line + s
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     # Somebody had a bad experience with Xerox.
 
     print("THIS IS A COMPUTER SIMULATION OF AN APOLLO LUNAR")
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ def print_instructions():
     print()
 
 
-def print_intro():
+def print_intro() -> None:
     print("SET BURN RATE OF RETRO ROCKETS TO ANY VALUE BETWEEN")
     print("0 (FREE FALL) AND 200 (MAXIMUM BURN) POUNDS PER SECOND.")
     print("SET NEW BURN RATE EVERY 10 SECONDS.")
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def show_out_of_fuel(sim_clock, capsule):
     show_landing(sim_clock, capsule)
 
 
-def format_line_for_report(t, miles, feet, velocity, fuel, burn_rate, is_header):
+def format_line_for_report(t, miles, feet, velocity, fuel, burn_rate, is_header) -> str:
     line = add_rjust("", t, SECONDS_RIGHT)
     line = add_rjust(line, miles, ALT_MI_RIGHT)
     line = add_rjust(line, feet, ALT_FT_RIGHT)
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class Capsule:
 
         return PhysicalState(altitude=new_altitude, velocity=new_velocity)
 
-    def make_state_display_string(self, sim_clock):
+    def make_state_display_string(self, sim_clock) -> str:
         seconds = sim_clock.elapsed_time
         miles = int(self.a)
         feet = int(5280 * (self.a - miles))

60_Mastermind/python/mastermind.py

@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
 import random
 import sys
+from typing import List, Union
+
+# Global variables
+colors = ["BLACK", "WHITE", "RED", "GREEN", "ORANGE", "YELLOW", "PURPLE", "TAN"]
+color_letters = "BWRGOYPT"
+num_positions = 0
+num_colors = 100
+human_score = 0
+computer_score = 0
 
 
-def main():
-
+def main() -> None:
     global colors, color_letters, num_positions, num_colors, human_score, computer_score
     colors = ["BLACK", "WHITE", "RED", "GREEN", "ORANGE", "YELLOW", "PURPLE", "TAN"]
     color_letters = "BWRGOYPT"
@@ -33,21 +41,23 @@ def main():
     while current_round <= num_rounds:
         print(f"Round number {current_round}")
         num_moves = 1
-        guesses = []
+        guesses: List[List[Union[str, int]]] = []
         turn_over = False
         print("Guess my combination ...")
         answer = int(possibilities * random.random())
         numeric_answer = [-1] * num_positions
         for _ in range(0, answer):
             numeric_answer = get_possibility(numeric_answer)
-        # human_readable_answer = make_human_readable(numeric_answer)
+        # human_readable_answer = make_human_readable(numeric_answer, color_letters)
         while num_moves < 10 and not turn_over:
             print(f"Move # {num_moves} Guess : ")
             user_command = input("Guess ")
             if user_command == "BOARD":
                 print_board(guesses)  # 2000
             elif user_command == "QUIT":  # 2500
-                human_readable_answer = make_human_readable(numeric_answer)
+                human_readable_answer = make_human_readable(
+                    numeric_answer, color_letters
+                )
                 print(f"QUITTER! MY COMBINATION WAS: {human_readable_answer}")
                 print("GOOD BYE")
                 quit()
@@ -59,14 +69,14 @@ def main():
                     print(f"INVALID GUESS: {invalid_letters}")
                 else:
                     guess_results = compare_two_positions(
-                        user_command, make_human_readable(numeric_answer)
+                        user_command, make_human_readable(numeric_answer, color_letters)
                     )
                     print(f"Results: {guess_results}")
                     if guess_results[1] == num_positions:  # correct guess
                         turn_over = True
                         print(f"You guessed it in {num_moves} moves!")
                         human_score = human_score + num_moves
-                        print_score()
+                        print_score(computer_score, human_score)
                     else:
                         print(
                             "You have {} blacks and {} whites".format(
@@ -79,11 +89,11 @@ def main():
             print("YOU RAN OUT OF MOVES! THAT'S ALL YOU GET!")
             print(
                 "THE ACTUAL COMBINATION WAS: {}".format(
-                    make_human_readable(numeric_answer)
+                    make_human_readable(numeric_answer, color_letters)
                 )
             )
             human_score = human_score + num_moves
-            print_score()
+            print_score(computer_score, human_score)
 
         # COMPUTER TURN
         guesses = []
@@ -124,18 +134,20 @@ def main():
                     numeric_guess = [-1] * num_positions
                     for _ in range(0, guess):
                         numeric_guess = get_possibility(numeric_guess)
-                    human_readable_guess = make_human_readable(numeric_guess)
-                    print(f"My guess is: {human_readable_guess}")
-                    blacks, whites = input("ENTER BLACKS, WHITES (e.g. 1,2): ").split(
-                        ","
+                    human_readable_guess = make_human_readable(
+                        numeric_guess, color_letters
                     )
-                    blacks = int(blacks)
-                    whites = int(whites)
+                    print(f"My guess is: {human_readable_guess}")
+                    blacks_str, whites_str = input(
+                        "ENTER BLACKS, WHITES (e.g. 1,2): "
+                    ).split(",")
+                    blacks = int(blacks_str)
+                    whites = int(whites_str)
                     if blacks == num_positions:  # Correct guess
                         print(f"I GOT IT IN {num_moves} MOVES")
                         turn_over = True
                         computer_score = computer_score + num_moves
-                        print_score()
+                        print_score(computer_score, human_score)
                     else:
                         num_moves += 1
                         for i in range(0, possibilities):
@@ -147,21 +159,21 @@ def main():
                                     numeric_possibility
                                 )
                             human_readable_possibility = make_human_readable(
-                                numeric_possibility
+                                numeric_possibility, color_letters
                             )  # 4000
                             comparison = compare_two_positions(
                                 human_readable_possibility, human_readable_guess
                             )
                             print(comparison)
-                            if (blacks > comparison[1]) or (whites > comparison[2]):
+                            if (blacks > comparison[1]) or (whites > comparison[2]):  # type: ignore
                                 all_possibilities[i] = 0
             if not turn_over:  # COMPUTER DID NOT GUESS
                 print("I USED UP ALL MY MOVES!")
                 print("I GUESS MY CPU IS JUST HAVING AN OFF DAY.")
                 computer_score = computer_score + num_moves
-                print_score()
+                print_score(computer_score, human_score)
         current_round += 1
-    print_score(is_final_score=True)
+    print_score(computer_score, human_score, is_final_score=True)
     sys.exit()
 
 
@@ -177,7 +189,7 @@ def get_invalid_letters(user_command):
 
 
 # 2000
-def print_board(guesses):
+def print_board(guesses) -> None:
     """Prints previous guesses within the round."""
     print("Board")
     print("Move\tGuess\tBlack White")
@@ -209,7 +221,7 @@ def get_possibility(possibility):
 
 
 # 4500
-def compare_two_positions(guess, answer):
+def compare_two_positions(guess: str, answer: str) -> List[Union[str, int]]:
     """Returns blacks (correct color and position) and whites (correct color only) for candidate position (guess) versus reference position (answer)."""
     increment = 0
     blacks = 0
@@ -235,7 +247,7 @@ def compare_two_positions(guess, answer):
 
 
 # 5000 + logic from 1160
-def print_score(is_final_score=False):
+def print_score(computer_score, human_score, is_final_score: bool = False) -> None:
     """Prints score after each turn ends, including final score at end of game."""
     if is_final_score:
         print("GAME OVER")
@@ -247,7 +259,7 @@ def print_score(is_final_score=False):
 
 
 # 4000, 5500, 6000 subroutines are all identical
-def make_human_readable(num):
+def make_human_readable(num: List[int], color_letters) -> str:
     """Make the numeric representation of a position human readable."""
     retval = ""
     for i in range(0, len(num)):

61_Math_Dice/python/mathdice.py

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ To conclude the program, type 0.
 )
 
 
-def print_dice(n):
-    def print_0():
+def print_dice(n: int) -> None:
+    def print_0() -> None:
         print("|     |")
 
-    def print_2():
+    def print_2() -> None:
         print("| * * |")
 
     print(" ----- ")

62_Mugwump/python/mugwump.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from math import sqrt
 from random import randint
 
 
-def introduction():
+def introduction() -> None:
     print(
         """The object of this game is to find 4 mugwumps
 hidden on a 10*10 grid.  Homebase is position 0,0.
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def calculate_distance(guess, mugwump):
     return d
 
 
-def play_again():
+def play_again() -> None:
     print("THAT WAS FUN! LET'S PLAY AGAIN.......")
     choice = input("Press Enter to play again, any other key then Enter to quit.")
     if choice == "":

63_Name/python/name.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Ported by Dave LeCompte
 """
 
 
-def print_with_tab(space_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(space_count: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if space_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * space_count
     else:

64_Nicomachus/python/nicomachus.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Ported by Dave LeCompte
 import time
 
 
-def print_with_tab(spaces_count, msg):
+def print_with_tab(spaces_count: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if spaces_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * spaces_count
     else:

65_Nim/python/Traditional_NIM.py

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class NIM:
     def _command_integrity(self, num, pile):
         return pile <= 4 and pile >= 1 and num <= self.piles[pile]
 
-    def print_pegs(self):
+    def print_pegs(self) -> None:
         for pile, peg in self.piles.items():
             print("Pile {} : {}".format(pile, "O " * peg))
 

66_Number/python/number.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Ported by Dave LeCompte
 import random
 
 
-def print_with_tab(num_spaces, msg):
+def print_with_tab(num_spaces: int, msg: str) -> None:
     if num_spaces > 0:
         spaces = " " * num_spaces
     else:
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def print_with_tab(num_spaces, msg):
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print("YOU HAVE 100 POINTS.  BY GUESSING NUMBERS FROM 1 TO 5, YOU")
     print("CAN GAIN OR LOSE POINTS DEPENDING UPON HOW CLOSE YOU GET TO")
     print("A RANDOM NUMBER SELECTED BY THE COMPUTER.")

68_Orbit/python/orbit.py

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ import random
 PAGE_WIDTH = 64
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print(
         """SOMEWHERE ABOVE YOUR PLANET IS A ROMULAN SHIP.
 

69_Pizza/python/pizza.py

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ customer_names = [chr(65 + x) for x in range(16)]
 street_names = [str(n) for n in range(1, 5)]
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@ def print_header(title):
     print()
 
 
-def print_ticks():
+def print_ticks() -> None:
     for _ in range(4):
         print("-")
 
 
-def print_ruler():
+def print_ruler() -> None:
     print(" -----1-----2-----3-----4-----")
 
 
-def print_street(i):
+def print_street(i: int) -> None:
     street_number = 3 - i
 
     street_name = street_names[street_number]
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def print_street(i):
     print(line)
 
 
-def print_map():
+def print_map() -> None:
     print("MAP OF THE CITY OF HYATTSVILLE")
     print()
     print_ruler()
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def print_map():
     print()
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> str:
     print("PIZZA DELIVERY GAME")
     print()
     print("WHAT IS YOUR FIRST NAME?")
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def yes_no_prompt(msg):
         print("'YES' OR 'NO' PLEASE, NOW THEN,")
 
 
-def print_more_directions(player_name):
+def print_more_directions(player_name: str) -> None:
     print()
     print("SOMEBODY WILL ASK FOR A PIZZA TO BE")
     print("DELIVERED.  THEN A DELIVERY BOY WILL")

70_Poetry/python/poetry.py

@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ phrase = 1
 line = ""
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def process_phrase_1():
+def process_phrase_1() -> str:
     global line
 
     line_1_options = [
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def process_phrase_1():
     return line
 
 
-def process_phrase_2():
+def process_phrase_2() -> None:
     global line
     global u
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def process_phrase_2():
         u = u_modifier
 
 
-def process_phrase_3():
+def process_phrase_3() -> None:
     global line
 
     phrases = [
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def process_phrase_3():
         line = line + words
 
 
-def process_phrase_4():
+def process_phrase_4() -> None:
     global line
 
     phrases = [

72_Queen/python/queen.py

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ def str_with_tab(indent: int, text: str, uppercase: bool = True) -> str:
     return " " * indent + text
 
 
-def intro():
+def intro() -> None:
     """Print the intro and print instructions if desired."""
     print(str_with_tab(33, "Queen"))
     print(str_with_tab(15, "Creative Computing  Morristown, New Jersey"))

73_Reverse/python/reverse.py

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def game_loop():
             return
 
 
-def print_list(numbers):
+def print_list(numbers) -> None:
     """Print out the list"""
     print(" ".join(map(str, numbers)))
 

76_Russian_Roulette/python/russianroulette.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from random import random
 NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS = 9
 
 
-def initial_message():
+def initial_message() -> None:
     print(" " * 28 + "Russian Roulette")
     print(" " * 15 + "Creative Computing  Morristown, New Jersey\n\n\n")
     print("This is a game of >>>>>>>>>>Russian Roulette.\n")

77_Salvo/python/salvo.py

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def create_blank_board():
 #
 # print out the game board for testing
 # purposes
-def print_board(board):
+def print_board(board) -> None:
 
     # print board header (column numbers)
     print("  ", end="")

81_Splat/python/splat.py

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def jump_stats(previous_jumps, chute_altitude):
     return n_previous_jumps, n_better
 
 
-def print_splat(time_on_impact):
+def print_splat(time_on_impact) -> None:
     """Parachute opened too late!"""
     print(f"{time_on_impact:.2f}\t\tSPLAT")
     print(
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def print_splat(time_on_impact):
     )
 
 
-def print_results(n_previous_jumps, n_better):
+def print_results(n_previous_jumps, n_better) -> None:
     """Compare current jump to previous successful jumps."""
     k = n_previous_jumps
     k1 = n_better
@@ -277,13 +277,13 @@ def print_results(n_previous_jumps, n_better):
         )
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     """Print centered text."""
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header():
+def print_header() -> None:
     print_centered("SPLAT")
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print(

82_Stars/python/stars.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ MAX_NUM = 100
 MAX_GUESSES = 7
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     """Instructions on how to play"""
     print("I am thinking of a whole number from 1 to %d" % MAX_NUM)
     print("Try to guess my number.  After you guess, I")
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def print_instructions():
     print("means really close!  You get %d guesses." % MAX_GUESSES)
 
 
-def print_stars(secret_number, guess):
+def print_stars(secret_number, guess) -> None:
     diff = abs(guess - secret_number)
     stars = ""
     for i in range(8):

83_Stock_Market/python/Stock_Market.py

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class Stock_Market:
         for stock, change in zip(self.data.values(), self.changes):
             stock["Price"] = round(stock["Price"] + (change / 100) * stock["Price"], 2)
 
-    def print_exchange_average(self):
+    def print_exchange_average(self) -> None:
 
         sum = 0
         for stock in self.data.values():
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class Stock_Market:
 
         return round(sum / 5, 2)
 
-    def print_first_day(self):
+    def print_first_day(self) -> None:
 
         print("\nSTOCK\t\t\t\t\tINITIALS\tPRICE/SHARE($)")
         for stock, data in self.data.items():
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class Stock_Market:
 
         return new_holdings
 
-    def print_trading_day(self):
+    def print_trading_day(self) -> None:
 
         print("STOCK\tPRICE/SHARE\tHOLDINGS\tNET. Value\tPRICE CHANGE")
         for stock, data, change in zip(
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class Stock_Market:
 
         self.stock_assets = round(sum, 2)
 
-    def print_assets(self):
+    def print_assets(self) -> None:
 
         print(f"\nTOTAL STOCK ASSETS ARE: ${self.stock_assets:.2f}")
         print(f"TOTAL CASH ASSETS ARE: ${self.cash_assets:.2f}")
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ class Stock_Market:
             stock["Holdings"] += new_holding
 
 
-def print_instruction():
+def print_instruction() -> None:
 
     print(
         """

84_Super_Star_Trek/python/superstartrek.py

@@ -14,13 +14,57 @@
 
 import random
 from math import sqrt
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Tuple
 
 # Global variables
 restart = False
 s = 0
 e = 0
 d: List[int] = []
+k: List[List[float]] = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]  # Klingons in current quadrant
+devices = [
+    "WARP ENGINES",
+    "SHORT RANGE SENSORS",
+    "LONG RANGE SENSORS",
+    "PHASER CONTROL",
+    "PHOTON TUBES",
+    "DAMAGE CONTROL",
+    "SHIELD CONTROL",
+    "LIBRARY-COMPUTER",
+]
+c = [
+    [0, 1],
+    [-1, 1],
+    [-1, 0],
+    [-1, -1],
+    [0, -1],
+    [1, -1],
+    [1, 0],
+    [1, 1],
+    [0, 1],
+]  # vectors in cardinal directions
+q1 = s1 = 0
+q2 = s2 = 0
+k3 = b3 = s3 = 0  # Klingons, bases, stars in quad.
+
+b4 = b5 = 0
+qs = " " * 192  # quadrant string
+# set up global game variables
+g = [[0] * 8 for _ in range(8)]  # galaxy map
+z = [[0] * 8 for _ in range(8)]  # charted galaxy map
+d = [0] * 8  # damage stats for devices
+t = t0 = 100 * random.randint(20, 39)  # stardate (current, initial)
+t9 = random.randint(25, 34)  # mission duration (stardates)
+docked = False  # true when docked at starbase
+e = e0 = 3000  # energy (current, initial)
+p = p0 = 10  # torpedoes (current, initial)
+s = 0  # shields
+k9, b9 = 0, 0  # total Klingons, bases in galaxy
+# ^ bug in original, was b9 = 2
+s9 = 200  # avg. Klingon shield strength
+
+k7 = k9  # Klingons at start of game
+d4 = 0.5 * random.random()  # extra delay in repairs at base
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Utility functions
@@ -84,7 +128,7 @@ def compare_marker(row, col, test_marker):
     return qs[pos : (pos + 3)] == test_marker
 
 
-def find_empty_place():
+def find_empty_place() -> Tuple[int, int]:
     # Find an empty location in the current quadrant.
     while True:
         row, col = fnr(), fnr()
@@ -97,7 +141,7 @@ def find_empty_place():
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def navigation():
+def navigation() -> None:
     # Take navigation input and move the Enterprise.
     global d, s, e, k, qs, t, q1, q2, s1, s2
 
@@ -148,9 +192,9 @@ def navigation():
     line = ""
     for i in range(8):
         if d[i] < 0:
-            d[i] += min(warp, 1)
+            d[i] += min(warp, 1)  # type: ignore
             if -0.1 < d[i] < 0:
-                d[i] = -0.1
+                d[i] = -0.1  # type: ignore
             elif d[i] >= 0:
                 if len(line) == 0:
                     line = "DAMAGE CONTROL REPORT:"
@@ -175,13 +219,13 @@ def navigation():
     x, y = s1, s2
 
     for _ in range(n):
-        s1 += x1
-        s2 += x2
+        s1 += x1  # type: ignore
+        s2 += x2  # type: ignore
 
         if s1 < 0 or s1 > 7 or s2 < 0 or s2 > 7:
             # exceeded quadrant limits; calculate final position
-            x += 8 * q1 + n * x1
-            y += 8 * q2 + n * x2
+            x += 8 * q1 + n * x1  # type: ignore
+            y += 8 * q2 + n * x2  # type: ignore
             q1, q2 = int(x / 8), int(y / 8)
             s1, s2 = int(x - q1 * 8), int(y - q2 * 8)
             if s1 < 0:
@@ -238,7 +282,7 @@ def navigation():
     insert_marker(int(s1), int(s2), "<*>")
     maneuver_energy(n)
 
-    t += 0.1 * int(10 * warp) if warp < 1 else 1
+    t += 0.1 * int(10 * warp) if warp < 1 else 1  # type: ignore
     if t > t0 + t9:
         end_game(won=False, quit=False)
         return
@@ -259,7 +303,7 @@ def maneuver_energy(n):
         s = max(0, s)
 
 
-def short_range_scan():
+def short_range_scan() -> None:
     # Print a short range scan.
     global docked, e, p, s
 
@@ -317,7 +361,7 @@ def short_range_scan():
     print(sep)
 
 
-def long_range_scan():
+def long_range_scan() -> None:
     # Print a long range scan.
     global z, g
 
@@ -352,7 +396,7 @@ def print_scan_results(
         print(sep)
 
 
-def phaser_control():
+def phaser_control() -> None:
     # Take phaser control input and fire phasers.
     global e, k, g, z, k3, k9
 
@@ -384,7 +428,7 @@ def phaser_control():
 
     e -= x
     if d[7] < 0:  # bug in original, was d[6]
-        x *= random.random()
+        x *= random.random()  # type: ignore
 
     h1 = int(x / k3)
     for i in range(3):
@@ -414,7 +458,7 @@ def phaser_control():
     klingons_fire()
 
 
-def photon_torpedoes():
+def photon_torpedoes() -> None:
     # Take photon torpedo input and process firing of torpedoes.
     global e, p, k3, k9, k, b3, b9, docked, g, z
 
@@ -445,8 +489,8 @@ def photon_torpedoes():
     x3, y3 = x, y
     print("TORPEDO TRACK:")
     while True:
-        x += x1
-        y += x2
+        x += x1  # type: ignore
+        y += x2  # type: ignore
         x3, y3 = round(x), round(y)
         if x3 < 0 or x3 > 7 or y3 < 0 or y3 > 7:
             print("TORPEDO MISSED")
@@ -523,7 +567,7 @@ def klingons_fire():
             print(f"DAMAGE CONTROL REPORTS  '{devices[r1]} DAMAGED BY THE HIT'")
 
 
-def shield_control():
+def shield_control() -> None:
     # Raise or lower the shields.
     global e, s
 
@@ -590,7 +634,7 @@ def damage_control():
     t += d3 + 0.1
 
 
-def computer():
+def computer() -> None:
     # Perform the various functions of the library computer.
     global d, z, k9, t0, t9, t, b9, s1, s2, b4, b5
 
@@ -718,7 +762,7 @@ def computer():
             )
 
 
-def print_direction(from1, from2, to1, to2):
+def print_direction(from1, from2, to1, to2) -> None:
     # Print direction and distance between two locations in the grid.
     delta1 = -(to1 - from1)  # flip so positive is up (heading = 3)
     delta2 = to2 - from2
@@ -752,7 +796,7 @@ def print_direction(from1, from2, to1, to2):
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def startup():
+def startup() -> None:
     # Initialize the game variables and map, and print startup messages.
     global g, z, d, t, t0, t9, docked, e, e0, p, p0, s, k9, b9, s9, c
     global devices, q1, q2, s1, s2, k7
@@ -850,7 +894,7 @@ def startup():
     )
 
 
-def new_quadrant():
+def new_quadrant() -> None:
     # Enter a new quadrant: populate map and print a short range scan.
     global z, k3, b3, s3, d4, k, qs, b4, b5
 
@@ -894,7 +938,9 @@ def new_quadrant():
     short_range_scan()
 
 
-def end_game(won=False, quit=True, enterprise_killed=False):
+def end_game(
+    won: bool = False, quit: bool = True, enterprise_killed: bool = False
+) -> None:
     # Handle end-of-game situations.
     global restart
 

84_Super_Star_Trek/python/superstartrekins.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ def get_yes_no(prompt):
     return response[0] != "N"
 
 
-def print_header():
+def print_header() -> None:
     for _ in range(12):
         print()
     t10 = " " * 10
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def print_header():
         print()
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     # Back in the 70s, at this point, the user would be prompted to
     # turn on their (printing) TTY to capture the output to hard copy.
 

84_Super_Star_Trek/python/test_superstartrek.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import io
+
+import pytest
+from superstartrek import main
+
+
+def test_main(monkeypatch, capsys):
+    monkeypatch.setattr("sys.stdin", io.StringIO("NAV\n1\n1\nSRS\nXXX\nXXX\n"))
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
+        main()
+    # captured = capsys.readouterr()

85_Synonym/python/synonym.py

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ import random
 PAGE_WIDTH = 64
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def print_header(title):
     print()
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print("A SYNONYM OF A WORD MEANS ANOTHER WORD IN THE ENGLISH")
     print("LANGUAGE WHICH HAS THE SAME OR VERY NEARLY THE SAME MEANING.")
     print("I CHOOSE A WORD -- YOU TYPE A SYNONYM.")
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ synonym_words = [
 ]
 
 
-def print_right():
+def print_right() -> None:
     print(random.choice(right_words))
 
 

86_Target/python/target.py

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ import random
 PAGE_WIDTH = 64
 
 
-def print_centered(msg):
+def print_centered(msg: str) -> None:
     spaces = " " * ((PAGE_WIDTH - len(msg)) // 2)
     print(spaces + msg)
 
 
-def print_header(title):
+def print_header(title: str) -> None:
     print_centered(title)
     print_centered("CREATIVE COMPUTING  MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
     print()
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def print_header(title):
     print()
 
 
-def print_instructions():
+def print_instructions() -> None:
     print("YOU ARE THE WEAPONS OFFICER ON THE STARSHIP ENTERPRISE")
     print("AND THIS IS A TEST TO SEE HOW ACCURATE A SHOT YOU")
     print("ARE IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL RANGE.  YOU WILL BE TOLD")

89_Tic-Tac-Toe/python/TicTacToe_Hard.py

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ class TicTacToe:
                     return c1 - gap + i, c2 + gap
 
 
-def display(Game: TicTacToe):
+def display(Game: TicTacToe) -> None:
     line1 = ""
     for i in range(0, Game.dim_sz):
         for j in range(0, Game.dim_sz - 1):
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ def display(Game: TicTacToe):
     print(line1, "\n\n")
 
 
-def play():
+def play() -> None:
     Pick = input("Pick 'X' or 'O' ").strip().upper()
     if Pick == "O":
         Game = TicTacToe("O")

90_Tower/python/tower.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class Disk:
     def size(self):
         return self.__size
 
-    def print(self):
+    def print(self) -> None:
         print("[ %s ]" % self.size())
 
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Tower:
             raise Exception("empty pop")
         return self.__disks.pop()
 
-    def print(self):
+    def print(self) -> None:
         r = "Needle: [%s]" % (", ".join([str(x.size()) for x in self.__disks]))
         print(r)
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Game:
     def winner(self):
         return self.__towers[0].empty() and self.__towers[1].empty()
 
-    def print(self):
+    def print(self) -> None:
         for t in self.__towers:
             t.print()
 

95_Weekday/python/weekday.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import datetime
 GET_TODAY_FROM_SYSTEM = True
 
 
-def print_with_tab(space_count, s):
+def print_with_tab(space_count: int, s: str) -> None:
     if space_count > 0:
         spaces = " " * space_count
     else: