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Python version of Blackjack
This commit is contained in:
Martin Thoma
505
10_Blackjack/python/blackjack.py
Normal file
505
10_Blackjack/python/blackjack.py
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@@ -0,0 +1,505 @@
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"""
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Blackjack
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Ported by Martin Thoma in 2022,
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using the rust implementation of AnthonyMichaelTDM
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"""
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import enum
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import random
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from dataclasses import dataclass
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from typing import List, NamedTuple
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class PlayerType(enum.Enum):
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Player = "Player"
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Dealer = "Dealer"
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class Play(enum.Enum):
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Stand = enum.auto()
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Hit = enum.auto()
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DoubleDown = enum.auto()
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Split = enum.auto()
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class Card(NamedTuple):
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name: str
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@property
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def value(self) -> int:
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"""
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returns the value associated with a card with the passed name
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return 0 if the passed card name doesn't exist
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"""
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return {
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"ACE": 11,
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"2": 2,
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"3": 3,
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"4": 4,
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"5": 5,
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"6": 6,
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"7": 7,
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"8": 8,
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"9": 9,
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"10": 10,
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"JACK": 10,
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"QUEEN": 10,
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"KING": 10,
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}.get(self.name, 0)
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class Hand(NamedTuple):
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cards: List[Card]
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def add_card(self, card: Card):
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"""add a passed card to this hand"""
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self.cards.append(card)
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def get_total(self) -> int:
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"""returns the total points of the cards in this hand"""
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total: int = 0
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for card in self.cards:
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total += int(card.value)
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# if there is an ACE, and the hand would otherwise bust,
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# treat the ace like it's worth 1
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if total > 21 and any(card.name == "ACE" for card in self.cards):
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total -= 10
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return total
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def discard_hand(self, deck: "Decks"):
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"""adds the cards in hand into the discard pile"""
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_len = len(self.cards)
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for _i in range(_len):
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if len(self.cards) == 0:
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raise ValueError("hand empty")
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deck.discard_pile.append(self.cards.pop())
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class Decks(NamedTuple):
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deck: List[Card]
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discard_pile: List[Card]
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@classmethod
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def new(cls):
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"""creates a new full and shuffled deck, and an empty discard pile"""
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# returns a number of full decks of 52 cards, shuffles them
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deck = Decks(deck=[], discard_pile=[])
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number_of_decks = 3
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# fill deck
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for _n in range(number_of_decks):
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# fill deck with number_of_decks decks worth of cards
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for card_name in CARD_NAMES:
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# add 4 of each card, totaling one deck with 4 of each card
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for _ in range(4):
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deck.deck.append(Card(name=card_name))
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deck.shuffle()
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return deck
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def shuffle(self):
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"""shuffles the deck"""
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random.shuffle(self.deck)
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def draw_card(self) -> Card:
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"""
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draw card from deck, and return it
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if deck is empty, shuffles discard pile into it and tries again
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"""
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if len(self.deck) == 0:
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_len = len(self.discard_pile)
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if _len > 0:
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# deck is empty, shuffle discard pile into deck and try again
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print("deck is empty, shuffling")
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for _i in range(_len):
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if len(self.discard_pile) == 0:
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raise ValueError("discard pile is empty")
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self.deck.append(self.discard_pile.pop())
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self.shuffle()
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return self.draw_card()
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else:
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# discard pile and deck are empty, should never happen
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raise Exception("discard pile empty")
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else:
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card = self.deck.pop()
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return card
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@dataclass
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class Player:
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hand: Hand
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balance: int
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bet: int
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wins: int
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player_type: PlayerType
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index: int
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@classmethod
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def new(cls, player_type: PlayerType, index: int) -> "Player":
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"""creates a new player of the given type"""
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return Player(
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hand=Hand(cards=[]),
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balance=STARTING_BALANCE,
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bet=0,
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wins=0,
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player_type=player_type,
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index=index,
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)
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def get_name(self) -> str:
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return f"{self.player_type}{self.index}"
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def get_bet(self):
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"""gets a bet from the player"""
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if PlayerType.Player == self.player_type:
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if self.balance < 1:
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print(f"{self.get_name()} is out of money :(")
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self.bet = 0
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self.bet = get_number_from_user_input(
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f"{self.get_name()}\tWhat is your bet", 1, self.balance
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)
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def hand_as_string(self, hide_dealer: bool) -> str:
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"""
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returns a string of the players hand
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if player is a dealer, returns the first card in the hand followed
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by *'s for every other card
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if player is a player, returns every card and the total
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"""
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if not hide_dealer:
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s = ""
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for cards_in_hand in self.hand.cards[::-1]:
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s += f"{cards_in_hand.name}\t"
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s += f"total points = {self.hand.get_total()}"
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return s
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else:
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if self.player_type == PlayerType.Dealer:
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s = ""
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for c in self.hand.cards[1::-1]:
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s += f"{c.name}\t"
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return s
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elif self.player_type == PlayerType.Player:
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s = ""
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for cards_in_hand in self.hand.cards[::-1]:
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s += f"{cards_in_hand.name}\t"
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s += f"total points = {self.hand.get_total()}"
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return s
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raise Exception("This is unreachable")
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def get_play(self) -> Play:
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"""get the players 'play'"""
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# do different things depending on what type of player this is:
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# if it's a dealer, use an algorithm to determine the play
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# if it's a player, ask user for input
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if self.player_type == PlayerType.Dealer:
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if self.hand.get_total() > 16:
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return Play.Stand
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else:
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return Play.Hit
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elif self.player_type == PlayerType.Player:
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valid_results: List[str]
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if len(self.hand.cards) > 2:
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# if there are more than 2 cards in the hand,
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# at least one turn has happened, so splitting and
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# doubling down are not allowed
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valid_results = ["s", "h"]
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else:
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valid_results = ["s", "h", "d", "/"]
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play = get_char_from_user_input("\tWhat is your play?", valid_results)
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if play == "s":
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return Play.Stand
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elif play == "h":
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return Play.Hit
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elif play == "d":
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return Play.DoubleDown
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elif play == "/":
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return Play.Split
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else:
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raise ValueError(f"got invalid character {play}")
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raise Exception("This is unreachable")
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@dataclass
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class Game:
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players: List[Player] # last item in this is the dealer
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decks: Decks
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games_played: int
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@classmethod
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def new(cls, num_players: int) -> "Game":
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players: List[Player] = []
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# add dealer
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players.append(Player.new(PlayerType.Dealer, 0))
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# create human player(s) (at least one)
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players.append(Player.new(PlayerType.Player, 1))
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for i in range(2, num_players): # one less than num_players players
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players.append(Player.new(PlayerType.Player, i))
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if get_char_from_user_input("Do you want instructions", ["y", "n"]) == "y":
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instructions()
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print()
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return Game(players=players, decks=Decks.new(), games_played=0)
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def _print_stats(self):
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"""prints the score of every player"""
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print(f"{self.stats_as_string()}")
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def stats_as_string(self) -> str:
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"""returns a string of the wins, balance, and bets of every player"""
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s = ""
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for p in self.players:
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# format the presentation of player stats
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if p.player_type == PlayerType.Dealer:
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s += f"{p.get_name()} Wins:\t{p.wins}\n"
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elif p.player_type == PlayerType.Player:
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s += f"{p.get_name()} "
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s += f"Wins:\t{p.wins}\t\t"
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s += f"Balance:\t{p.balance}\t\tBet\t{p.bet}\n"
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return f"Scores:\n{s}"
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def play_game(self):
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"""plays a round of blackjack"""
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game = self.games_played
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player_hands_message: str = ""
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# deal two cards to each player
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for _i in range(2):
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for player in self.players:
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player.hand.add_card(self.decks.draw_card())
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# get everyones bets
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for player in self.players:
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player.get_bet()
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scores = self.stats_as_string()
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# play game for each player
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for player in self.players:
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# turn loop, ends when player finishes their turn
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while True:
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clear()
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welcome()
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print(f"\n\t\t\tGame {game}")
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print(scores)
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print(player_hands_message)
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print(f"{player.get_name()} Hand:\t{player.hand_as_string(True)}")
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if PlayerType.Player == player.player_type:
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# player isn't the dealer
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if player.bet == 0: # player is out of money
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break
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# play through turn
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# check their hand value for a blackjack(21) or bust
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score = player.hand.get_total()
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if score >= 21:
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if score == 21:
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print("\tBlackjack! (21 points)")
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else:
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print(f"\tBust ({score} points)")
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break
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# get player move
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play = player.get_play()
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# process play
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if play == Play.Stand:
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print(f"\t{play}")
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break
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elif play == Play.Hit:
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print(f"\t{play}")
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player.hand.add_card(self.decks.draw_card())
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elif play == Play.DoubleDown:
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print(f"\t{play}")
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# double their balance if there's enough money,
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# othewise go all-in
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if player.bet * 2 < player.balance:
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player.bet *= 2
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else:
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player.bet = player.balance
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player.hand.add_card(self.decks.draw_card())
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elif play == Play.Split:
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pass
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# add player to score cache thing
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player_hands_message += (
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f"{player.get_name()} Hand:\t{player.hand_as_string(True)}\n"
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)
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# determine winner
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top_score = 0
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# player with the highest points
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num_winners = 1
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non_burst_players = [
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player for player in self.players if player.hand.get_total() <= 21
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]
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for player in non_burst_players:
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score = player.hand.get_total()
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if score > top_score:
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top_score = score
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num_winners = 1
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elif score == top_score:
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num_winners += 1
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# show winner(s)
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top_score_players = [
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player
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for player in non_burst_players
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if player.hand.get_total() == top_score
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]
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for x in top_score_players:
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print(f"{x.get_name()} ")
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x.wins += 1
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# increment their wins
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if num_winners > 1:
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print(f"all tie with {top_score}\n\n\n")
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else:
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print(
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f"wins with {top_score}!\n\n\n",
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)
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# handle bets
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# remove money from losers
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losers = [
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player for player in self.players if player.hand.get_total() != top_score
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]
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for loser in losers:
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loser.balance -= loser.bet
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# add money to winner
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winners = [
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player for player in self.players if player.hand.get_total() == top_score
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]
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for winner in winners:
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winner.balance += winner.bet
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# discard hands
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for player in self.players:
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player.hand.discard_hand(self.decks)
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# increment games_played
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self.games_played += 1
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CARD_NAMES: List[str] = [
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"ACE",
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"2",
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"3",
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"4",
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"5",
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"6",
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"7",
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"8",
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"9",
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"10",
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"JACK",
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"QUEEN",
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"KING",
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]
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STARTING_BALANCE: int = 100
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def main():
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game: Game
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# print welcome message
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welcome()
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# create game
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game = Game.new(
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get_number_from_user_input("How many players should there be", 1, 7)
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)
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# game loop, play game until user wants to stop
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while True:
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# play round
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game.play_game()
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# ask if they want to play again
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char = None
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while char not in ["y", "n"]:
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char = input("Play Again? (y/n)").lower()
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if char == "y":
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continue
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else:
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break
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def welcome():
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"""prints the welcome screen"""
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# welcome message
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print(
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"""
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BLACK JACK
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CREATIVE COMPUTING MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY
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\n\n"""
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)
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def instructions():
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"""prints the instructions"""
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print(
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"""
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THIS IS THE GAME OF 21. AS MANY AS 7 PLAYERS MAY PLAY THE
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GAME. ON EACH DEAL, BETS WILL BE ASKED FOR, AND THE
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PLAYERS' BETS SHOULD BE TYPED IN. THE CARDS WILL THEN BE
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DEALT, AND EACH PLAYER IN TURN PLAYS HIS HAND. THE
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FIRST RESPONSE SHOULD BE EITHER 'D', INDICATING THAT THE
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PLAYER IS DOUBLING DOWN, 'S', INDICATING THAT HE IS
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STANDING, 'H', INDICATING HE WANTS ANOTHER CARD, OR '/',
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INDICATING THAT HE WANTS TO SPLIT HIS CARDS. AFTER THE
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INITIAL RESPONSE, ALL FURTHER RESPONSES SHOULD BE 'S' OR
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'H', UNLESS THE CARDS WERE SPLIT, IN WHICH CASE DOUBLING
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DOWN IS AGAIN PERMITTED. IN ORDER TO COLLECT FOR
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BLACKJACK, THE INITIAL RESPONSE SHOULD BE 'S'.
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NUMBER OF PLAYERS
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NOTE:'/' (splitting) is not currently implemented, and does nothing
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PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE
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"""
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)
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input()
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def get_number_from_user_input(prompt: str, min_value: int, max_value: int) -> int:
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"""gets a int integer from user input"""
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# input loop
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user_input = None
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while user_input is None or user_input < min_value or user_input > max_value:
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raw_input = input(prompt + f" ({min_value}-{max_value})? ")
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try:
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user_input = int(raw_input)
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if user_input < min_value or user_input > max_value:
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print("Invalid input, please try again")
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except ValueError:
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print("Invalid input, please try again")
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return user_input
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def get_char_from_user_input(prompt: str, valid_results: List[str]) -> str:
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"""returns the first character they type"""
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user_input = None
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while user_input not in valid_results:
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user_input = input(prompt + f" {valid_results}? ").lower()
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if user_input not in valid_results:
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print("Invalid input, please try again")
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assert user_input is not None
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return user_input
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def clear():
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"""clear std out"""
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print("\x1b[2J\x1b[0;0H")
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user