From ec591376cc9c9f272d1495b210ef9e09bc131211 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Tom Wyant Date: Fri, 7 Jan 2022 07:07:33 -0500 Subject: [PATCH] Port of 81_Splat to Perl. Pretty much a straight port -- just straightened out the spaghetti in the original BASIC. --- 81_Splat/perl/splat.pl | 597 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 597 insertions(+) create mode 100755 81_Splat/perl/splat.pl diff --git a/81_Splat/perl/splat.pl b/81_Splat/perl/splat.pl new file mode 100755 index 00000000..459bc790 --- /dev/null +++ b/81_Splat/perl/splat.pl @@ -0,0 +1,597 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env perl + +use 5.010; # To get 'state' and 'say' + +use strict; # Require explicit declaration of variables +use warnings; # Enable optional compiler warnings + +use English; # Use more friendly names for Perl's magic variables +use List::Util qw{ shuffle }; # Shuffle an array. +use Scalar::Util qw{ looks_like_number }; +use Term::ReadLine; # Prompt and return user input + +our $VERSION = '0.000_01'; + +use constant ROW_TPLT => ( '%4d' x 8 ) . "\n"; + +print <<'EOD'; + SPLAT + Creative Computing Morristown, New Jersey + + + +Welcome to 'Splat' -- the game that simulates a parachute +jump. Try to open your chute at the last possible +moment without going splat. +EOD + +while ( 1 ) { + say ''; + my $initial_altitude = int( 9001 * rand() + 1000 ); + + my $nominal_terminal_velocity; + if ( get_yes_no( 'Select your own terminal velocity' ) ) { + $nominal_terminal_velocity = get_input( + 'What terminal velocity (mi/hr)? ', + sub { looks_like_number( $ARG ) && $ARG > 0 }, + 'Please enter a positive number', + ); + # Convert miles per hour to feet per second + $nominal_terminal_velocity = $nominal_terminal_velocity * 5280 / 3600; + } else { + $nominal_terminal_velocity = int( 1000 * rand() ); + say "OK. Terminal velocity = $nominal_terminal_velocity mi/hr" + } + my $terminal_velocity = dither( $nominal_terminal_velocity ); + + my $nominal_gravity; # Acceleration due to gravity + if ( get_yes_no( 'Want to select acceleration due to gravity' ) ) { + } else { + state $body = [ + [ q, + 12.2 ], + [ q, + 28.3 ], + [ q, + 32.16 ], + [ q, + 5.15 ], + [ q, + 12.5 ], + [ q, + 85.2 ], + [ q, + 37.6 ], + [ q, + 33.8 ], + [ q, + 39.6 ], + [ q, + 896 ], + ]; + my $pick = $body->[ rand scalar @{ $body } ]; + say $pick->[0]; + $nominal_gravity = $pick->[1]; + } + my $gravity = dither( $nominal_gravity ); + + print <<"EOD"; + + Altitude = $initial_altitude ft + Term. velocity = $nominal_terminal_velocity ft/sec +/- 5% + Acceleration = $nominal_gravity ft/sec/sec +/- 5% +Set the timer for your freefall +EOD + + my $drop_time = get_input( + 'How many seconds? ', + sub { m/ \A [0-9]+ \z /smx }, + "Please enter an unsigned integer\n", + ); + + print <<'EOD'; +Here we go. + +Time (sec) Dist to fall (ft) +========== ================= +EOD + + if ( defined( my $altitude = make_jump( + $initial_altitude, + $gravity, + $terminal_velocity, + $drop_time ) ) + ) { + # Successful jump + state $succesful = []; + state $ordinal = [ qw{ 1st 2nd 3rd } ]; + if ( defined( my $ord = $ordinal->[ @{ $succesful } ] ) ) { + say "Amazing!!! Not nad for your $ord successful jump!!!"; + } else { + my $jumps = @{ $succesful }; + my $worse = grep { $_ > $altitude } @{ $succesful }; + my $fractile = 1 - $worse / $jumps; + my $better = $jumps - $worse; + if ( $fractile <= 0.1 ) { + print <<"EOD"; +Wow! That's some jumping. Of the $jumps successful jumps +before yours, only $better opened their chutes lower than +you did. +EOD + } elsif ( $fractile <= 0.25 ) { + print <<"EOD"; +Pretty good! $jumps successful jumps preceded yours and only +$better of them got lower than you did before their chutes +opened. +EOD + } elsif ( $fractile <= 0.5 ) { + print <<"EOD"; +Not bad. There have been $jumps successful jumps before yours. +You were beaten out by $better of them. +EOD + } elsif ( $fractile <= 0.75 ) { + print <<"EOD"; +Conservative, aren't you? You ranked only $better in the +$jumps successful jumps before yours. +EOD + } elsif ( $fractile <= 0.9 ) { + print <<"EOD"; +Humph! Don't you have any sporting blood? There were +$jumps successful jumps before yours and you came in $worse jumps +better than the worst. Shape up!!! +EOD + } else { + print <<"EOD"; +Hey! You pulled the rip cord much too soon. $jumps successful +jumps before yours and you came in number $better! Get with it! +EOD + } + } + push @{ $succesful }, $altitude; + } else { + # Splat + + say q; + } + + next if get_yes_no( 'Do you want to play again' ); + next if get_yes_no( 'Please' ); + + print <<'EOD'; +Ssssssssss. + +EOD + last; + +} + +# Return the first argument modified by up to plus or minus some +# fraction specified by the second argument (default 0.05) +sub dither { + my ( $arg, $fract ) = @_; + $fract //= 1 / 20; + return $arg + ( $arg * rand() * $fract ) - ( $arg * rand() * $fract ); +} + +use constant FORMAT_FALL => "%10.1f %10d\n"; +use constant FORMAT_SPLAT => "%10.1f %s\n"; +sub make_jump { + my ( $initial_altitude, $gravity, $terminal_velocity, $drop_time ) = @_; + my $altitude; + foreach my $step ( 0 .. 8 ) { + my $time = $step * $drop_time / 8; + if ( $time > $terminal_velocity / $gravity ) { + # Terminal velocity reached + printf "Terminal velocity reached at T plus %.2f seconds.\n", + $terminal_velocity / $gravity; + for my $step ( $step .. 8 ) { + my $time = $step * $drop_time / 8; + $altitude = $initial_altitude - ( + $terminal_velocity * $terminal_velocity / + ( 2 * $gravity ) + $terminal_velocity * ( + $time - $terminal_velocity / $gravity ) ); + if ( $altitude > 0 ) { + printf FORMAT_FALL, $time, $altitude; + } else { + splat( + $terminal_velocity / $gravity + ( + $initial_altitude - + $terminal_velocity * $terminal_velocity / + ( 2 * $gravity ) ) / $terminal_velocity, + ); + return; + } + } + last; + } else { + $altitude = $initial_altitude - $gravity / 2 * $time * $time; + if ( $altitude > 0 ) { + printf FORMAT_FALL, $time, $altitude; + } else { + splat( sqrt( 2 * $initial_altitude / $gravity ) ); + return; + } + } + } + + say 'Chute open.'; + return $altitude; +} + +sub splat { + my ( $time ) = @_; + printf FORMAT_SPLAT, $time, 'Splat!'; + state $rip = [ + q, + q, + q, + q, + q<#$%&&%!$>, + q, + q, + q, + q, + q, + ]; + say $rip->[ rand scalar @{ $rip } ]; + return; +} + +# Get input from the user. The arguments are: +# * The prompt +# * A reference to validation code. This code receives the response in +# $ARG and returns true for a valid response. +# * A warning to print if the response is not valid. This must end in a +# return. +# The first valid response is returned. An end-of-file terminates the +# script. +sub get_input { + my ( $prompt, $validate, $warning ) = @ARG; + + # If no validator is passed, default to one that always returns + # true. + $validate ||= sub { 1 }; + + # Create the readline object. The 'state' causes the variable to be + # initialized only once, no matter how many times this subroutine is + # called. The do { ... } is a compound statement used because we + # need to tweak the created object before we store it. + state $term = do { + my $obj = Term::ReadLine->new( 'reverse' ); + $obj->ornaments( 0 ); + $obj; + }; + + while ( 1 ) { # Iterate indefinitely + + # Read the input into the topic variable, localized to prevent + # Spooky Action at a Distance. We exit on undef, which signals + # end-of-file. + exit unless defined( local $ARG = $term->readline( $prompt ) ); + + # Return the input if it is valid. + return $ARG if $validate->(); + + # Issue the warning, and go around the merry-go-round again. + warn $warning; + } +} + +# Get a yes-or-no answer. The argument is the prompt, which will have +# '? [y/n]: ' appended. The donkey work is done by get_input(), which is +# requested to validate the response as beginning with 'y' or 'n', +# case-insensitive. The return is a true value for 'y' and a false value +# for 'n'. +sub get_yes_no { + my ( $prompt ) = @ARG; + state $map_answer = { + n => 0, + y => 1, + }; + my $resp = lc get_input( + "$prompt? [y/n]: ", + sub { m/ \A [yn] /smxi }, + "Please respond 'y' or 'n'\n", + ); + return $map_answer->{ substr $resp, 0, 1 }; +} + +__END__ + +print <<'EOD' if get_yes_no( 'Do you want instructions' ); +We are going to play a game based on one of the chess +moves. Our queen will be able to move only to the left, +down, or diagonally down and to the left. + +The object of the game is to place the queen in the lower +left hand square by alternating moves between you and the +computer. The first one to place the queen there wins. + +You go first and place the queen in any one of the squares +on the top row or right hand column. +That will be your first move. +We alternate moves. +You may forfeit by typing '0' as your move. +Be sure to press the return key after each response. + + +EOD + +while ( 1 ) { + + say ''; + + foreach my $row ( 0 .. 7 ) { + printf ROW_TPLT, map { ( $_ + $row ) * 10 + $row + 1 } reverse 1 .. 8; + } + +} + +# Get input from the user. The arguments are: +# * The prompt +# * A reference to validation code. This code receives the response in +# $ARG and returns true for a valid response. +# * A warning to print if the response is not valid. This must end in a +# return. +# The first valid response is returned. An end-of-file terminates the +# script. +sub get_input { + my ( $prompt, $validate, $warning ) = @ARG; + + # If no validator is passed, default to one that always returns + # true. + $validate ||= sub { 1 }; + + # Create the readline object. The 'state' causes the variable to be + # initialized only once, no matter how many times this subroutine is + # called. The do { ... } is a compound statement used because we + # need to tweak the created object before we store it. + state $term = do { + my $obj = Term::ReadLine->new( 'reverse' ); + $obj->ornaments( 0 ); + $obj; + }; + + while ( 1 ) { # Iterate indefinitely + + # Read the input into the topic variable, localized to prevent + # Spooky Action at a Distance. We exit on undef, which signals + # end-of-file. + exit unless defined( local $ARG = $term->readline( $prompt ) ); + + # Return the input if it is valid. + return $ARG if $validate->(); + + # Issue the warning, and go around the merry-go-round again. + warn $warning; + } +} + +# Get a yes-or-no answer. The argument is the prompt, which will have +# '? [y/n]: ' appended. The donkey work is done by get_input(), which is +# requested to validate the response as beginning with 'y' or 'n', +# case-insensitive. The return is a true value for 'y' and a false value +# for 'n'. +sub get_yes_no { + my ( $prompt ) = @ARG; + state $map_answer = { + n => 0, + y => 1, + }; + my $resp = lc get_input( + "$prompt? [y/n]: ", + sub { m/ \A [yn] /smxi }, + "Please respond 'y' or 'n'\n", + ); + return $map_answer->{ substr $resp, 0, 1 }; +} + +__END__ +# Display the rules if desired. There is no straightforward way to +# interpolate a manifest constant into a string, but @{[ ... ]} will +# interpolate any expression. +print <<"EOD" if get_yes_no( 'Do you want the rules' ); + +This is the game of 'Reverse'. To win, all you have +to do is arrange a list of numbers (1 through @{[ NUMBER_OF_NUMBERS ]}) +in numerical order from left to right. To move, you +tell me how many numbers (counting from the left) to +reverse. For example, if the current list is: + +2 3 4 5 1 6 7 8 9 + +and you reverse 4, the result will be: + +5 4 3 2 1 6 7 8 9 + +Now if you reverse 5, you win! + +1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + +No doubt you will like this game, but +if you want to quit, reverse 0 (zero). + +EOD + +while ( 1 ) { # Iterate until something interrupts us. + + # Populate the list with the integers from 1, shuffled. If we + # accidentally generate a winning list, just redo the loop. + my @list = shuffle( 1 .. NUMBER_OF_NUMBERS ); + redo if is_win( \@list ); + + print <<"EOD"; + +Here we go ... The list is: +EOD + + my $moves = 0; # Move counter + + while ( 1 ) { # Iterate until something interrupts us. + print <<"EOD"; + +@list + +EOD + + # Read the number of values to reverse. Zero is special-cased to + # take us out of this loop. + last unless my $max_index = get_input( + 'How many shall I reverse (0 to quit)? ', + sub { + return m/ \A [0-9]+ \z /smx && + $ARG <= NUMBER_OF_NUMBERS; + }, + "Oops! Too many! I can reverse at most " . + NUMBER_OF_NUMBERS, + ); + + --$max_index; # Convert number to reverse to upper index + + # Use a Perl array slice and the reverse() built-in to reverse + # the beginning of the list. + @list[ 0 .. $max_index ] = reverse @list[ 0 .. $max_index ]; + + $moves++; # Count a move + + # If we have not won, iterate again. + next unless is_win( \@list ); + + # Announce the win, and drop out of the loop. + print <<"EOD"; + +You won it in $moves moves!!! +EOD + last; + } + + # Drop out of this loop unless the player wants to play again. + say ''; + last unless get_yes_no( 'Try again' ); +} + +print <<'EOD'; + +O.K. Hope you had fun!! +EOD + +# Get input from the user. The arguments are: +# * The prompt +# * A reference to validation code. This code receives the response in +# $ARG and returns true for a valid response. +# * A warning to print if the response is not valid. This must end in a +# return. +# The first valid response is returned. An end-of-file terminates the +# script. +sub get_input { + my ( $prompt, $validate, $warning ) = @ARG; + + # If no validator is passed, default to one that always returns + # true. + $validate ||= sub { 1 }; + + # Create the readline object. The 'state' causes the variable to be + # initialized only once, no matter how many times this subroutine is + # called. The do { ... } is a compound statement used because we + # need to tweak the created object before we store it. + state $term = do { + my $obj = Term::ReadLine->new( 'reverse' ); + $obj->ornaments( 0 ); + $obj; + }; + + while ( 1 ) { # Iterate indefinitely + + # Read the input into the topic variable, localized to prevent + # Spooky Action at a Distance. We exit on undef, which signals + # end-of-file. + exit unless defined( local $ARG = $term->readline( $prompt ) ); + + # Return the input if it is valid. + return $ARG if $validate->(); + + # Issue the warning, and go around the merry-go-round again. + warn $warning; + } +} + +# Get a yes-or-no answer. The argument is the prompt, which will have +# '? [y/n]: ' appended. The donkey work is done by get_input(), which is +# requested to validate the response as beginning with 'y' or 'n', +# case-insensitive. The return is a true value for 'y' and a false value +# for 'n'. +sub get_yes_no { + my ( $prompt ) = @ARG; + state $map_answer = { + n => 0, + y => 1, + }; + my $resp = lc get_input( + "$prompt? [y/n]: ", + sub { m/ \A [yn] /smxi }, + "Please respond 'y' or 'n'\n", + ); + return $map_answer->{ substr $resp, 0, 1 }; +} + +# Determine if a given list represents a win. The argument is a +# reference to the array containing the list. We return a true value for +# a win, or a false value otherwise. +sub is_win { + my ( $list ) = @_; + my $expect = 1; # We expect the first element to be 1; + + # Iterate over the array. + foreach my $element ( @{ $list } ) { + + # If the element does not have the expected value, we return + # false. We post-increment the expected value en passant. + $element == $expect++ + or return 0; + } + + # All elements had the expected value, so we won. Return a true + # value. + return 1; +} + +__END__ + +=head1 TITLE + +reverse.pl - Play the game 'reverse' from Basic Computer Games + +=head1 SYNOPSIS + + reverse.pl + +=head1 DETAILS + +This Perl script is a port of C, which is the 73rd entry in +Basic Computer Games. + +The cool thing about this port is the fact that, in a language with +array slices, list assignments, and a C built-in, the +reversal is a single assignment statement. + +=head1 PORTED BY + +Thomas R. Wyant, III F + +=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + +Copyright (C) 2022 by Thomas R. Wyant, III + +This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it +under the same terms as Perl 5.10.0. For more details, see the Artistic +License 1.0 at +L, and/or the +Gnu GPL at L. + +This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but +without any warranty; without even the implied warranty of +merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. + +=cut + +# ex: set expandtab tabstop=4 textwidth=72 :