Files
basic-computer-games/10_Blackjack/java/src/Game.java
2022-03-02 22:16:03 -06:00

301 lines
10 KiB
Java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
public class Game {
private Deck deck;
private UserIo userIo;
public Game(Deck deck, UserIo userIo) {
this.deck = deck;
this.userIo = userIo;
}
/**
* Run the game, running rounds until ended with CTRL+D/CTRL+Z or CTRL+C
*/
public void run() {
userIo.println("BLACK JACK", 31);
userIo.println("CREATIVE COMPUTING MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY\n\n\n", 15);
if(userIo.promptBoolean("DO YOU WANT INSTRUCTIONS")){
userIo.println("THIS IS THE GAME OF 21. AS MANY AS 7 PLAYERS MAY PLAY THE");
userIo.println("GAME. ON EACH DEAL, BETS WILL BE ASKED FOR, AND THE");
userIo.println("PLAYERS' BETS SHOULD BE TYPED IN. THE CARDS WILL THEN BE");
userIo.println("DEALT, AND EACH PLAYER IN TURN PLAYS HIS HAND. THE");
userIo.println("FIRST RESPONSE SHOULD BE EITHER 'D', INDICATING THAT THE");
userIo.println("PLAYER IS DOUBLING DOWN, 'S', INDICATING THAT HE IS");
userIo.println("STANDING, 'H', INDICATING HE WANTS ANOTHER CARD, OR '/',");
userIo.println("INDICATING THAT HE WANTS TO SPLIT HIS CARDS. AFTER THE");
userIo.println("INITIAL RESPONSE, ALL FURTHER RESPONSES SHOULD BE 'S' OR");
userIo.println("'H', UNLESS THE CARDS WERE SPLIT, IN WHICH CASE DOUBLING");
userIo.println("DOWN IS AGAIN PERMITTED. IN ORDER TO COLLECT FOR");
userIo.println("BLACKJACK, THE INITIAL RESPONSE SHOULD BE 'S'.");
}
int nPlayers = 0;
while(nPlayers < 1 || nPlayers > 7) {
nPlayers = userIo.promptInt("NUMBER OF PLAYERS");
}
deck.reshuffle();
List<Player> players = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i = 0; i < nPlayers; i++) {
players.add(new Player(i + 1));
}
while(true) {
double[] bets = new double[nPlayers]; // empty array initialized with all '0' valuses.
while(!betsAreValid(bets)){
userIo.println("BETS:");
for(int i = 0; i < nPlayers; i++) {
// Note that the bet for player "1" is at index "0" in the bets
// array and take care to avoid off-by-one errors.
// TODO the BASIC version allows fractional bets (e.g. '1.5') of arbitrary precision
// We can use a double if we want--the original basic has doubleing point errors. Or we could use BigDecimal if we really want to fix that.
bets[i] = userIo.promptDouble("#" + (i + 1)); //TODO: If there isn't a need for a separate Bets in the future, combine these two lines and convert to enhanced FOR loop
players.get(i).setCurrentBet(bets[i]);
}
}
for(Player player : players){
player.dealCard(deck.deal());
player.dealCard(deck.deal()); //TODO: This could be in a separate loop to more acurrately follow how a game would be dealt, I couldn't figure out of the BASIC version did it
}
// Consider adding a Dealer class to track the dealer's hand and running total.
// Alternately, the dealer could just be a Player instance where currentBet=0 and is ignored.
LinkedList<Card> dealerHand = new LinkedList<>();
Player dealer = new Player(0); //Dealer is Player 0 - this can be converted into a dealer class later on
dealer.dealCard(deck.deal());
// TODO deal two cards to the dealer
// TODO handle 'insurance' if the dealer's card is an Ace.
printInitialDeal(players, dealer);
// TODO if dealer has an ACE, prompt "ANY INSURANCE"
// if yes, print "INSURANCE BETS" and prompt each player with "# [x] ? " where X is player number
// insurance bets must be equal or less than half the player's regular bet
// TODO check for dealer blackjack
// if blackjack, print "DEALER HAS A [x] IN THE HOLE\nFOR BLACKJACK" and skip to evaluateRound
// pay 2x insurance bets (insurance bet of 5 pays 10) if applicable
// if not, print "NO DEALER BLACKJACK"
// collect insurance bets if applicable
for(Player player : players){
play(player);
}
// only play the dealer if at least one player has not busted or gotten a natural blackjack (21 in the first two cards)
// otherwise, just print the dealer's concealed card
dealerHand = playDealer(dealerHand, deck);
evaluateRound(players, dealerHand);
}
}
/**
* Print the cards for each player and the up card for the dealer.
*/
private void printInitialDeal(List<Player> players, Player dealer) {
// Prints the initial deal in the following format:
/*
PLAYER 1 2 DEALER
7 10 4
2 A
*/
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
output.append("PLAYERS ");
for (Player player : players) {
output.append(player.getPlayerNumber() + "\t");
}
output.append("DEALER\n");
//Loop through two rows of cards
for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
output.append("\t");
for (Player player : players) {
output.append(player.getHand().get(j).toString()).append("\t");
}
if(j == 0 ){
output.append(dealer.getHand().get(j).toString());
}
output.append("\n");
}
userIo.print(output.toString());
}
/**
* Plays the players turn. Prompts the user to hit (H), stay (S), or if
* appropriate, split (/) or double down (D), and then performs those
* actions. On a hit, prints "RECEIVED A [x] HIT? "
*
* @param player
*/
protected void play(Player player) {
play(player, 1);
}
private void play(Player player, int handNumber) {
List<Card> hand = player.getHand(handNumber);
String action;
if(player.isSplit()){
action = userIo.prompt("HAND #" + handNumber);
} else {
action = userIo.prompt("PLAYER " + player.getPlayerNumber() + " ");
}
while(true){
if(action.equalsIgnoreCase("H")){ // HIT
Card c = deck.deal();
player.dealCard(c, handNumber);
if(scoreHand(hand) > 21){
userIo.println("...BUSTED");
return;
}
action = userIo.prompt("RECEIVED A " + c.toString() + " HIT");
} else if(action.equalsIgnoreCase("S")){ // STAY
return;
} else if(action.equalsIgnoreCase("D") && player.canDoubleDown(handNumber)) { // DOUBLE DOWN
player.doubleDown(deck.deal(), handNumber);
return;
} else if(action.equalsIgnoreCase("/")) { // SPLIT
if(player.isSplit()) {
// The original basic code printed different output
// if a player tries to split twice vs if they try to split
// a non-pair hand.
action = userIo.prompt("TYPE H, S OR D, PLEASE");
} else if(player.canSplit()) {
player.split();
Card card = deck.deal();
player.dealCard(card, 1);
// TODO move the "a" vs "an" logic to userIo or Card
if(card.getValue() == 1 || card.getValue() == 8) {
userIo.println("FIRST HAND RECEIVES AN " + card.toString());
} else {
userIo.println("FIRST HAND RECEIVES A " + card.toString());
}
play(player, 1);
card = deck.deal();
player.dealCard(card, 2);
if(card.getValue() == 1 || card.getValue() == 8) {
userIo.println("SECOND HAND RECEIVES AN " + card.toString());
} else {
userIo.println("SECOND HAND RECEIVES A " + card.toString());
}
play(player, 2);
return;
} else {
userIo.println("SPLITTING NOT ALLOWED");
action = userIo.prompt("PLAYER " + player.getPlayerNumber() + " ");
}
} else {
if(player.getHand(handNumber).size() == 2) {
action = userIo.prompt("TYPE H,S,D, OR /, PLEASE");
} else {
action = userIo.prompt("TYPE H, OR S, PLEASE");
}
}
}
}
/**
* Calculates the value of a hand. When the hand contains aces, it will
* count one of them as 11 if that does not result in a bust.
*
* @param hand the hand to evaluate
* @return The numeric value of a hand. A value over 21 indicates a bust.
*/
protected int scoreHand(List<Card> hand){
int nAces = (int) hand.stream().filter(c -> c.getValue() == 1).count();
int value = hand.stream()
.mapToInt(Card::getValue)
.filter(v -> v != 1) // start without aces
.map(v -> v > 10 ? 10 : v) // all face cards are worth 10. The 'expr ? a : b' syntax is called the 'ternary operator'
.sum();
value += nAces; // start by treating all aces as 1
if(nAces > 0 && value <= 11) {
value += 10; // We can use one of the aces to an 11
// You can never use more than one ace as 11, since that would be 22 and a bust.
}
return value;
}
/**
* Compares two hands accounting for natural blackjacks using the
* java.lang.Comparable convention of returning positive or negative integers
*
* @param handA hand to compare
* @param handB other hand to compare
* @return a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer as handA is less than, equal to, or greater than handB.
*/
protected int compareHands(List<Card> handA, List<Card> handB) {
int scoreA = this.scoreHand(handA);
int scoreB = this.scoreHand(handB);
if(scoreA == 21 && scoreB == 21){
if(handA.size() == 2 && handB.size() != 2){
return 1; //Hand A wins with a natural blackjack
} else if (handA.size() != 2 && handB.size() == 2) {
return -1; //Hand B wins with a natural blackjack
} else {
return 0; //Tie
}
} else {
return Integer.compare(scoreA, scoreB);
}
}
/**
* Play the dealer's hand. The dealer draws until they have >=17 or busts. Prints each draw as in the following example:
*
* DEALER HAS A 5 CONCEALED FOR A TOTAL OF 11
* DRAWS 10 ---TOTAL IS 21
*
* TODO find out if the dealer draws on a "soft" 17 (17 using an ace as 11) or not in the original basic code.
*
* @param dealerHand
* @return
*/
private LinkedList<Card> playDealer(LinkedList<Card> dealerHand, Deck deck) {
// TODO implement playDealer
return null;
}
/**
* Evaluates the result of the round, prints the results, and updates player/dealer totals.
* @param players
* @param dealerHand
*/
private void evaluateRound(List<Player> players, LinkedList<Card> dealerHand) {
// TODO implement evaluateRound
// print something like:
/*
PLAYER 1 LOSES 100 TOTAL=-100
PLAYER 2 WINS 150 TOTAL= 150
DEALER'S TOTAL= 200
*/
// this should probably take in a "Dealer" instance instead of just the dealer hand so we can update the dealer's total.
// currentBets of each player are added/subtracted from the dealer total depending on whether they win/lose (accounting for doubling down, insurance etc.)
// remember to handle a "PUSH" when the dealer ties and the bet is returned.
}
/**
* Validates that all bets are between 0 (exclusive) and 500 (inclusive). Fractional bets are valid.
*
* @param bets The array of bets for each player.
* @return true if all bets are valid, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean betsAreValid(double[] bets) {
return Arrays.stream(bets)
.allMatch(bet -> bet > 0 && bet <= 500);
}
}