Files
basic-computer-games/10_Blackjack/java/src/Blackjack.java
2022-03-05 09:47:15 -06:00

58 lines
2.5 KiB
Java

import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Collections;
/**
* Plays a game of blackjack on the terminal. Looking at the code, the reader
* might conclude that this implementation is "over engineered." We use many
* techniques and patterns developed for much larger code bases to create more
* maintainable code, which may not be as relevant for a simple game of
* Blackjack. To wit, the rules and requirements are not likely to ever change
* so there is not so much value making the code flexible.
*
* Nevertheless, this is meant to be an example that the reader can learn good
* Java coding techniques from. Furthermore, many of the "over-engineering"
* tactics are as much about testability as they are about maintainability.
* Imagine trying to manually test infrequent scenarios like Blackjack,
* insurance, or splitting without any ability to automate a specific scenario
* and the value of unit testing becomes immediately apparent.
*
* Another "unnecessary" aspect of this codebase is good Javadoc. Again, this is
* meant to be educational, but another often overlooked benefit is that most
* IDEs will display Javadoc in "autocomplete" suggestions. This is remarkably
* helpful when using a class as a quick reminder of what you coded earlier.
* This is true even if no one ever publishes or reads the HTML output of the
* javadoc.
*
*/
public class Blackjack {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Intuitively it might seem like the main program logic should be right
// here in 'main' and that we should just use System.in and System.out
// directly whenever we need them. However, notice that System.out and
// System.in are just an OutputStream and InputStream respectively. By
// allowing alternate streams to be specified to Game at runtime, we can
// write non-interactive tests of the code. See UserIoTest as an
// example.
// Likewise, by allowing an alternative "shuffle" algorithm, test code
// can provide a deterministic card ordering.
try (Reader in = new InputStreamReader(System.in)) {
Writer out = new OutputStreamWriter(System.out);
UserIo userIo = new UserIo(in, out);
Deck deck = new Deck(cards -> {
userIo.println("RESHUFFLING");
Collections.shuffle(cards);
return cards;
});
Game game = new Game(deck, userIo);
game.run();
} catch (Exception e) {
// This allows us to elegantly handle CTRL+D / CTRL+Z by throwing an exception.
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
}