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update container services az
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Carlos Polop
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
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Fore more information check:
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{{#ref}}
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../az-services/az-container-instances.md
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../az-services/az-container-instances-apps-jobs.md
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{{#endref}}
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### `Microsoft.ContainerInstance/containerGroups/read`, `Microsoft.ContainerInstance/containerGroups/containers/exec/action`
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@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ These permission allows to **create or update a container group** with a **user
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```bash
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az container create \
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--resource-group <res-group>> \
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--resource-group <res-group> \
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--name nginx2 \
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--image mcr.microsoft.com/oss/nginx/nginx:1.9.15-alpine \
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--assign-identity "/subscriptions/<subscription-id>/resourceGroups/<res-group>/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/<user-namaged-identity-name>" \
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@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
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# Az - Container Instances
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Basic Information
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**Azure Container Instances (ACI)** is a serverless container service that lets you run individual containers quickly without managing any underlying infrastructure. **Azure Container Apps (ACA)** extends this by offering a fully managed environment for running microservices and web apps with features like event-driven autoscaling, built-in Dapr integration, and support for complex orchestration scenarios. **Container App Jobs** are a specialized feature within ACA designed for running short-lived, batch, or scheduled tasks that execute for a finite period and then exit.
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Differences:
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- ACI is ideal for **simple**, standalone container workloads where minimal orchestration is needed.
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- ACA is best suited for building scalable, interconnected microservices with advanced features like autoscaling and service discovery.
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- Container App Jobs focus on **one-off or scheduled tasks**, providing a streamlined way to run background or batch jobs within the ACA environment.
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### Configurations
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Special options for ACI:
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- Regarding networking it can also have a **public IP** or be **private endpoints**.
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Special options for ACA:
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- It's possible to **restrict the trafic** to the container to the container app environment or leave it public.
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- It’s possible to use an **external identity provider** (Microsoft, Facebook, Google, and Twitter) for authentication
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- It's possible to **store App secrets** (in clear text the app or as links to a vault assigning a MI with access over it)
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- It’s possible to have **revisions and replicas of the app**
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Special options for jobs:
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- The trigger type can be **manual, scheduled or event-based** (like a message arriving in a queue).
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Common options:
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- In order to create a container it's possible to use a public image, a container image from an Azure Container Registry or an external repository, which might **require to configure a password** to access it.
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- This means that the configuration of the container might contain sensitive information.
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- It's also possible to configure common docker settings like:
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- **Environment variables** (check for sensitive information)
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- **Volumes** (even from Azure Files)
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- **Ports** to expose
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- **CPU and memory limits**
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- **Restart policy**
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- **Run as privileged**
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- Overwrite containers **command line to run and arguments** (can be modified in existing containers also)
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- ...
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## Enumeration
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> [!WARNING]
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> When enumerating, you could reveal sensitive configurations such as **environment variables**, **network details**, or **managed identities**.
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```bash
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# ACI
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## List all container instances in the subscription
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az container list
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## Show detailed information about a specific container instance
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az container show --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Fetch logs from a container
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az container logs --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Execute a command in a running container and get the output
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az container exec --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group> --exec-command "ls"
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## Get yaml configuration of the container group
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az container export --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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# ACA
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## List all container apps in the subscription
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az containerapp list
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## Show detailed information about a specific container app
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az containerapp show --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Fetch logs from a container app
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az containerapp logs show --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Get configured secrets
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az containerapp secret list --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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### Get value
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az containerapp secret show --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group> --secret-name <secret-name>
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## Get authentication options
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az containerapp auth show --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Get a shell
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az containerapp exec --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group> --command "sh"
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## Get debugging shell
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az containerapp debug --name <app-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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# Jobs
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## List all container apps jobs in a resource group
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az containerapp job list --resource-group <res-group>
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## Show detailed information about a specific container app job
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az containerapp job show --name <job-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Fetch logs from a container app job
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az containerapp job logs show --name <job-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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## Fetch executions from a container app job
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az containerapp job execution list --name <job-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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az containerapp job execution show --name <job-name> --resource-group <res-group> --job-execution-name <job-execution>
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## Start a job execution (for manual jobs)
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az containerapp job start --name <job-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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```
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## Privilege Escalation & Post Exploitation
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{{#ref}}
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../az-privilege-escalation/az-container-instances-apps-jobs-privesc.md
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{{#endref}}
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
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# Az - Container Instances
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Basic Information
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Azure Container Instances (ACI) provide a **serverless, on-demand way** to run **containers** in the Azure cloud. You can **deploy** single or multiple containers in a group with **scalable compute**, **networking options**, and the flexibility to connect to **other Azure services** (like Storage, Virtual Networks, or Container Registries).
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As they are **ephemeral** workloads, you don't need to manage the underlying VM infrastructure — Azure handles that for you. However, from an **offensive security perspective**, it's crucial to understand how **permissions**, **identities**, **network configurations**, and **logs** can reveal attack surfaces and potential misconfigurations.
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### Configurations
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- In order to create a container it's possible to use a public image, a container image from an Azure Container Registry or an external repository, which might **require to configure a password** to access it.
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- Regarding networking it can also have a **public IP** or be **private endpoints**.
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- It's also possible to configure common docker settings like:
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- **Environment variables**
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- **Volumes** (even from Azure Files)
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- **Ports**
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- **CPU and memory limits**
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- **Restart policy**
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- **Run as privileged**
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- **Command line to run**
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- ...
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## Enumeration
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> [!WARNING]
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> When enumerating ACI, you can reveal sensitive configurations such as **environment variables**, **network details**, or **managed identities**. Be cautious with logging or displaying them.
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```bash
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# List all container instances in the subscription
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az container list
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# Show detailed information about a specific container instance
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az container show --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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# Fetch logs from a container
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az container logs --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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# Execute a command in a running container and get the output
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az container exec --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group> --exec-command "ls"
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# Get yaml configuration of the container group
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az container export --name <container-name> --resource-group <res-group>
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```
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