hacktricks-cloud/src/pentesting-cloud/azure-security/az-post-exploitation/az-mysql-post-exploitation.md

Az - MySQL Post Exploitation

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MySQL Database Post Exploitation

For more information about MySQL Database check:

{{#ref}} ../az-services/az-mysql.md {{#endref}}

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/databases/write && Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/databases/read

With this permission, you can create new databases within a MySQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. While this action itself does not modify existing resources, excessive or unauthorized creation of databases could lead to resource consumption, or potential misuse of the server.

az mysql flexible-server db create \
  --server-name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name> \
  --database-name <database_name>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/backups/write

With this permission, you can initiate the creation of backups for a MySQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. This allows users to generate on-demand backups, which can be useful for preserving data at specific points in time.

az mysql flexible-server backup create \
  --name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name>
  --backup-name <backup_name>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/advancedThreatProtectionSettings/write

With this permission, you can configure or update the Advanced Threat Protection (ATP) settings for a MySQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. This allows enabling or diabling security features designed to detect and respond to anomalous activities and potential threats.

az mysql flexible-server threat-protection-policy update \
  --name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name> \
  --state <Enabled|Disabled>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/firewallRules/write

With this permission, you can create or modify firewall rules for a MySQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. This allows control over which IP addresses or ranges can access the server. Unauthorized or improper use of this permission could expose the server to unwanted or malicious access.

# Create Rule
az mysql flexible-server firewall-rule create \
  --name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name> \
  --rule-name <rule_name> \
  --start-ip-address <start_ip> \
  --end-ip-address <end_ip>

# Update Rule
az mysql flexible-server firewall-rule update \
  --name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name> \
  --rule-name <rule_name> \
  --start-ip-address <start_ip> \
  --end-ip-address <end_ip>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/resetGtid/action

With this permission, you can reset the GTID (Global Transaction Identifier) for a MySQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. Resetting GTID will invalidate all the automated, on-demand backups and geo-backups that were taken before the reset action. After GTID reset, you will not be able to perform PITR (point-in-time-restore) using fastest restore point or by custom restore point if the selected restore time is before the GTID reset time. And successful geo-restore will be possible only after 5 days.

az mysql flexible-server reset-gtid \
  --name  \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name> \
    --gtid-set <gtid>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/updateConfigurations/action

With this permission, you can update the configuration settings of a MySQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. This allows customization of server parameters such as performance tuning, security configurations, or operational settings. You can update the following parameters together in a batch: audit_log_enabled, audit_log_events, binlog_expire_logs_seconds, binlog_row_image, character_set_server, collation_server, connect_timeout, enforce_gtid_consistency, gtid_mode, init_connect, innodb_buffer_pool_size, innodb_io_capacity, innodb_io_capacity_max, innodb_purge_threads, innodb_read_io_threads, innodb_thread_concurrency, innodb_write_io_threads, long_query_time, max_connect_errors, and max_connections.

az mysql flexible-server parameter set-batch \
    --resource-group <resource_group_name> \
    --server-name <server_name> \
    --args max_connections=<value>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/read, Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/write && Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/assign/action

With this permission, you can assign a user-assigned managed identity to MySQL flexible servers.

az mysql flexible-server identity assign \
    --resource-group <ResourceGroupName> \
    --server-name <ServerName> \
    --identity <IdentityName>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/stop/action

With this permission, you can stop a PostgreSQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. Stopping a server can lead to temporary service disruption, affecting applications and users dependent on the database.

az mysql flexible-server stop \
  --name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name>

Microsoft.DBforMySQL/flexibleServers/start/action

With this permission, you can start a stopped PostgreSQL Flexible Server instance on Azure. Starting a server restores its availability, enabling applications and users to reconnect and access the database.

az mysql flexible-server start \
  --name <server_name> \
  --resource-group <resource_group_name>

*/delete

With this permissions you can delete resources related to mysql server in Azure such as server, firewalls, managed identities or configurations

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