fix(report): close the file (#4842)

* fix(report): close the file

* refactor: add the format type

* fix: return errors in version printing

* fix: lint issues

* fix: do not fail on bogus cache dir

---------

Co-authored-by: DmitriyLewen <dmitriy.lewen@smartforce.io>

pkg/cloud/aws/commands/run.go

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"strings"
 
-	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
-
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/pkg/errs"
@@ -17,10 +16,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/cloud/aws/scanner"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/cloud/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/commands/operation"
-	cr "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/compliance/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/flag"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
 
 var allSupportedServicesFunc = awsScanner.AllSupportedServices
@@ -166,24 +163,6 @@ func Run(ctx context.Context, opt flag.Options) error {
 	}
 
 	log.Logger.Debug("Writing report to output...")
-	if opt.Compliance.Spec.ID != "" {
-		convertedResults := report.ConvertResults(results, cloud.ProviderAWS, opt.Services)
-		var crr []types.Results
-		for _, r := range convertedResults {
-			crr = append(crr, r.Results)
-		}
-
-		complianceReport, err := cr.BuildComplianceReport(crr, opt.Compliance)
-		if err != nil {
-			return xerrors.Errorf("compliance report build error: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		return cr.Write(complianceReport, cr.Option{
-			Format: opt.Format,
-			Report: opt.ReportFormat,
-			Output: opt.Output,
-		})
-	}
 
 	res := results.GetFailed()
 	if opt.MisconfOptions.IncludeNonFailures {

pkg/cloud/aws/commands/run_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package commands
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -1243,8 +1242,8 @@ Summary Report for compliance: my-custom-spec
 				}()
 			}
 
-			buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
-			test.options.Output = buffer
+			output := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "output")
+			test.options.Output = output
 			test.options.Debug = true
 			test.options.GlobalOptions.Timeout = time.Minute
 			if test.options.Format == "" {
@@ -1283,10 +1282,13 @@ Summary Report for compliance: my-custom-spec
 			err := Run(context.Background(), test.options)
 			if test.expectErr {
 				assert.Error(t, err)
-			} else {
-				assert.NoError(t, err)
-				assert.Equal(t, test.want, buffer.String())
+				return
 			}
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+			b, err := os.ReadFile(output)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, test.want, string(b))
 		})
 	}
 }

pkg/cloud/report/report.go

@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@ package report
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"io"
 	"os"
 	"sort"
 	"time"
 
+	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
+
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/pkg/scan"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/tml"
+	cr "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/compliance/report"
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/flag"
 	pkgReport "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
@@ -55,6 +59,15 @@ func (r *Report) Failed() bool {
 
 // Write writes the results in the give format
 func Write(rep *Report, opt flag.Options, fromCache bool) error {
+	output, err := opt.OutputWriter()
+	if err != nil {
+		return xerrors.Errorf("failed to create output file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer output.Close()
+
+	if opt.Compliance.Spec.ID != "" {
+		return writeCompliance(rep, opt, output)
+	}
 
 	var filtered []types.Result
 
@@ -91,7 +104,7 @@ func Write(rep *Report, opt flag.Options, fromCache bool) error {
 
 		// ensure color/formatting is disabled for pipes/non-pty
 		var useANSI bool
-		if opt.Output == os.Stdout {
+		if opt.Output == "" {
 			if o, err := os.Stdout.Stat(); err == nil {
 				useANSI = (o.Mode() & os.ModeCharDevice) == os.ModeCharDevice
 			}
@@ -102,33 +115,44 @@ func Write(rep *Report, opt flag.Options, fromCache bool) error {
 
 		switch {
 		case len(opt.Services) == 1 && opt.ARN == "":
-			if err := writeResourceTable(rep, filtered, opt.Output, opt.Services[0]); err != nil {
+			if err := writeResourceTable(rep, filtered, output, opt.Services[0]); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		case len(opt.Services) == 1 && opt.ARN != "":
-			if err := writeResultsForARN(rep, filtered, opt.Output, opt.Services[0], opt.ARN, opt.Severities); err != nil {
+			if err := writeResultsForARN(rep, filtered, output, opt.Services[0], opt.ARN, opt.Severities); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		default:
-			if err := writeServiceTable(rep, filtered, opt.Output); err != nil {
+			if err := writeServiceTable(rep, filtered, output); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
 
 		// render cache info
 		if fromCache {
-			_ = tml.Fprintf(opt.Output, "\n<blue>This scan report was loaded from cached results. If you'd like to run a fresh scan, use --update-cache.</blue>\n")
+			_ = tml.Fprintf(output, "\n<blue>This scan report was loaded from cached results. If you'd like to run a fresh scan, use --update-cache.</blue>\n")
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return pkgReport.Write(base, pkgReport.Option{
+		return pkgReport.Write(base, opt)
+	}
+}
+
+func writeCompliance(rep *Report, opt flag.Options, output io.Writer) error {
+	var crr []types.Results
+	for _, r := range rep.Results {
+		crr = append(crr, r.Results)
+	}
+
+	complianceReport, err := cr.BuildComplianceReport(crr, opt.Compliance)
+	if err != nil {
+		return xerrors.Errorf("compliance report build error: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return cr.Write(complianceReport, cr.Option{
 		Format: opt.Format,
-			Output:             opt.Output,
-			Severities:         opt.Severities,
-			OutputTemplate:     opt.Template,
-			IncludeNonFailures: opt.IncludeNonFailures,
-			Trace:              opt.Trace,
+		Report: opt.ReportFormat,
+		Output: output,
 	})
 }
-}

pkg/cloud/report/resource_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package report
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
@@ -109,15 +110,18 @@ No problems detected.
 				tt.options.AWSOptions.Services,
 			)
 
-			buffer := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{})
-			tt.options.Output = buffer
+			output := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "output")
+			tt.options.Output = output
 			require.NoError(t, Write(report, tt.options, tt.fromCache))
 
 			assert.Equal(t, "AWS", report.Provider)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Account, report.AccountID)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Region, report.Region)
 			assert.ElementsMatch(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Services, report.ServicesInScope)
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, buffer.String())
+
+			b, err := os.ReadFile(output)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, string(b))
 		})
 	}
 }

pkg/cloud/report/result_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package report
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -68,15 +69,18 @@ See https://avd.aquasec.com/misconfig/avd-aws-9999
 				tt.options.AWSOptions.Services,
 			)
 
-			buffer := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{})
-			tt.options.Output = buffer
+			output := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "output")
+			tt.options.Output = output
 			require.NoError(t, Write(report, tt.options, tt.fromCache))
 
+			b, err := os.ReadFile(output)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
 			assert.Equal(t, "AWS", report.Provider)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Account, report.AccountID)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Region, report.Region)
 			assert.ElementsMatch(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Services, report.ServicesInScope)
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, strings.ReplaceAll(buffer.String(), "\r\n", "\n"))
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, strings.ReplaceAll(string(b), "\r\n", "\n"))
 		})
 	}
 }

pkg/cloud/report/service_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package report
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
@@ -320,19 +321,22 @@ Scan Overview for AWS Account
 				tt.options.AWSOptions.Services,
 			)
 
-			buffer := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{})
-			tt.options.Output = buffer
+			output := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "output")
+			tt.options.Output = output
 			require.NoError(t, Write(report, tt.options, tt.fromCache))
 
 			assert.Equal(t, "AWS", report.Provider)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Account, report.AccountID)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Region, report.Region)
 			assert.ElementsMatch(t, tt.options.AWSOptions.Services, report.ServicesInScope)
+
+			b, err := os.ReadFile(output)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
 			if tt.options.Format == "json" {
 				// json output can be formatted/ordered differently - we just care that the data matches
-				assert.JSONEq(t, tt.expected, buffer.String())
+				assert.JSONEq(t, tt.expected, string(b))
 			} else {
-				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, buffer.String())
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, string(b))
 			}
 		})
 	}

pkg/commands/app.go

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/module"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/plugin"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/policy"
-	r "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
+	xstrings "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/strings"
 )
 
 // VersionInfo holds the trivy DB version Info
@@ -71,15 +71,6 @@ Use "{{.CommandPath}} [command] --help" for more information about a command.{{e
 	groupPlugin     = "plugin"
 )
 
-var (
-	outputWriter io.Writer = os.Stdout
-)
-
-// SetOut overrides the destination for messages
-func SetOut(out io.Writer) {
-	outputWriter = out
-}
-
 // NewApp is the factory method to return Trivy CLI
 func NewApp(version string) *cobra.Command {
 	globalFlags := flag.NewGlobalFlagGroup()
@@ -189,8 +180,6 @@ func NewRootCommand(version string, globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Co
   $ trivy server`,
 		Args: cobra.NoArgs,
 		PersistentPreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			cmd.SetOut(outputWriter)
-
 			// Set the Trivy version here so that we can override version printer.
 			cmd.Version = version
 
@@ -224,11 +213,10 @@ func NewRootCommand(version string, globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Co
 			globalOptions := globalFlags.ToOptions()
 			if globalOptions.ShowVersion {
 				// Customize version output
-				showVersion(globalOptions.CacheDir, versionFormat, version, outputWriter)
+				return showVersion(globalOptions.CacheDir, versionFormat, version, cmd.OutOrStdout())
 			} else {
 				return cmd.Help()
 			}
-			return nil
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -310,7 +298,7 @@ func NewImageCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			return validateArgs(cmd, args)
 		},
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			options, err := imageFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := imageFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -369,7 +357,7 @@ func NewFilesystemCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := fsFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := fsFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := fsFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -428,7 +416,7 @@ func NewRootfsCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := rootfsFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := rootfsFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := rootfsFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -481,7 +469,7 @@ func NewRepositoryCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := repoFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := repoFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := repoFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -521,7 +509,7 @@ func NewConvertCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := convertFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			opts, err := convertFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			opts, err := convertFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -578,7 +566,7 @@ func NewClientCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := clientFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := clientFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := clientFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -619,7 +607,7 @@ func NewServerCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := serverFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := serverFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := serverFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -681,7 +669,7 @@ func NewConfigCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := configFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := configFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := configFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -839,7 +827,7 @@ func NewModuleCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 				}
 
 				repo := args[0]
-				opts, err := moduleFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+				opts, err := moduleFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 				if err != nil {
 					return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 				}
@@ -863,7 +851,7 @@ func NewModuleCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 				}
 
 				repo := args[0]
-				opts, err := moduleFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+				opts, err := moduleFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 				if err != nil {
 					return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 				}
@@ -904,11 +892,11 @@ func NewKubernetesCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 	reportFlagGroup.ExitOnEOL = nil          // disable '--exit-on-eol'
 
 	formatFlag := flag.FormatFlag
-	formatFlag.Values = []string{
-		r.FormatTable,
-		r.FormatJSON,
-		r.FormatCycloneDX,
-	}
+	formatFlag.Values = xstrings.ToStringSlice([]types.Format{
+		types.FormatTable,
+		types.FormatJSON,
+		types.FormatCycloneDX,
+	})
 	reportFlagGroup.Format = &formatFlag
 
 	k8sFlags := &flag.Flags{
@@ -952,7 +940,7 @@ func NewKubernetesCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := k8sFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			opts, err := k8sFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			opts, err := k8sFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -972,7 +960,10 @@ func NewKubernetesCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 func NewAWSCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 	reportFlagGroup := flag.NewReportFlagGroup()
 	compliance := flag.ComplianceFlag
-	compliance.Values = []string{types.ComplianceAWSCIS12, types.ComplianceAWSCIS14}
+	compliance.Values = []string{
+		types.ComplianceAWSCIS12,
+		types.ComplianceAWSCIS14,
+	}
 	reportFlagGroup.Compliance = &compliance // override usage as the accepted values differ for each subcommand.
 	reportFlagGroup.ExitOnEOL = nil          // disable '--exit-on-eol'
 
@@ -1016,7 +1007,7 @@ The following services are supported:
 			return nil
 		},
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			opts, err := awsFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			opts, err := awsFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -1080,7 +1071,7 @@ func NewVMCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := vmFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := vmFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := vmFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -1139,7 +1130,7 @@ func NewSBOMCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 			if err := sbomFlags.Bind(cmd); err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag bind error: %w", err)
 			}
-			options, err := sbomFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags, outputWriter)
+			options, err := sbomFlags.ToOptions(cmd.Version, args, globalFlags)
 			if err != nil {
 				return xerrors.Errorf("flag error: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -1168,9 +1159,7 @@ func NewVersionCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			options := globalFlags.ToOptions()
-			showVersion(options.CacheDir, versionFormat, cmd.Version, outputWriter)
-
-			return nil
+			return showVersion(options.CacheDir, versionFormat, cmd.Version, cmd.OutOrStdout())
 		},
 		SilenceErrors: true,
 		SilenceUsage:  true,
@@ -1183,12 +1172,15 @@ func NewVersionCommand(globalFlags *flag.GlobalFlagGroup) *cobra.Command {
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func showVersion(cacheDir, outputFormat, version string, outputWriter io.Writer) {
+func showVersion(cacheDir, outputFormat, version string, w io.Writer) error {
 	var dbMeta *metadata.Metadata
 	var javadbMeta *metadata.Metadata
 
 	mc := metadata.NewClient(cacheDir)
-	meta, _ := mc.Get() // nolint: errcheck
+	meta, err := mc.Get()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Logger.Debugw("Failed to get DB metadata", "error", err)
+	}
 	if !meta.UpdatedAt.IsZero() && !meta.NextUpdate.IsZero() && meta.Version != 0 {
 		dbMeta = &metadata.Metadata{
 			Version:      meta.Version,
@@ -1199,7 +1191,10 @@ func showVersion(cacheDir, outputFormat, version string, outputWriter io.Writer)
 	}
 
 	mcJava := javadb.NewMetadata(filepath.Join(cacheDir, "java-db"))
-	metaJava, _ := mcJava.Get() // nolint: errcheck
+	metaJava, err := mcJava.Get()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Logger.Debugw("Failed to get Java DB metadata", "error", err)
+	}
 	if !metaJava.UpdatedAt.IsZero() && !metaJava.NextUpdate.IsZero() && metaJava.Version != 0 {
 		javadbMeta = &metadata.Metadata{
 			Version:      metaJava.Version,
@@ -1212,18 +1207,23 @@ func showVersion(cacheDir, outputFormat, version string, outputWriter io.Writer)
 	var pbMeta *policy.Metadata
 	pc, err := policy.NewClient(cacheDir, false)
 	if pc != nil && err == nil {
-		pbMeta, _ = pc.GetMetadata()
+		pbMeta, err = pc.GetMetadata()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Logger.Debugw("Failed to get policy metadata", "error", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	switch outputFormat {
 	case "json":
-		b, _ := json.Marshal(VersionInfo{
+		err = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(VersionInfo{
 			Version:         version,
 			VulnerabilityDB: dbMeta,
 			JavaDB:          javadbMeta,
 			PolicyBundle:    pbMeta,
 		})
-		fmt.Fprintln(outputWriter, string(b))
+		if err != nil {
+			return xerrors.Errorf("json encode error: %w", err)
+		}
 	default:
 		output := fmt.Sprintf("Version: %s\n", version)
 		if dbMeta != nil {
@@ -1250,8 +1250,9 @@ func showVersion(cacheDir, outputFormat, version string, outputWriter io.Writer)
   DownloadedAt: %s
 `, pbMeta.Digest, pbMeta.DownloadedAt.UTC())
 		}
-		fmt.Fprintf(outputWriter, output)
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, output)
 	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func validateArgs(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {

pkg/commands/app_test.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/flag"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
 
 func Test_showVersion(t *testing.T) {
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ Policy Bundle:
 		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			got := new(bytes.Buffer)
 			app := NewApp("test")
-			SetOut(got)
+			app.SetOut(got)
 			app.SetArgs(test.arguments)
 
 			err := app.Execute()
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Policy Bundle:
 
 func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 	type want struct {
-		format     string
+		format     types.Format
 		severities []dbTypes.Severity
 	}
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				"test",
 			},
 			want: want{
-				format: report.FormatTable,
+				format: types.FormatTable,
 				severities: []dbTypes.Severity{
 					dbTypes.SeverityUnknown,
 					dbTypes.SeverityLow,
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				"LOW,MEDIUM",
 			},
 			want: want{
-				format: report.FormatTable,
+				format: types.FormatTable,
 				severities: []dbTypes.Severity{
 					dbTypes.SeverityLow,
 					dbTypes.SeverityMedium,
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				"HIGH",
 			},
 			want: want{
-				format: report.FormatTable,
+				format: types.FormatTable,
 				severities: []dbTypes.Severity{
 					dbTypes.SeverityLow,
 					dbTypes.SeverityHigh,
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				"CRITICAL",
 			},
 			want: want{
-				format: report.FormatJSON,
+				format: types.FormatJSON,
 				severities: []dbTypes.Severity{
 					dbTypes.SeverityCritical,
 				},
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 			globalFlags := flag.NewGlobalFlagGroup()
 			rootCmd := NewRootCommand("dev", globalFlags)
 			rootCmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
-			SetOut(io.Discard)
+			rootCmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
 
 			flags := &flag.Flags{
 				ReportFlagGroup: flag.NewReportFlagGroup(),
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ func TestFlags(t *testing.T) {
 					// Bind
 					require.NoError(t, flags.Bind(cmd))
 
-					options, err := flags.ToOptions("dev", args, globalFlags, nil)
+					options, err := flags.ToOptions("dev", args, globalFlags)
 					require.NoError(t, err)
 
 					assert.Equal(t, tt.want.format, options.Format)

pkg/commands/artifact/run.go

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ func (r *runner) Filter(ctx context.Context, opts flag.Options, report types.Rep
 }
 
 func (r *runner) Report(opts flag.Options, report types.Report) error {
-	if err := pkgReport.Write(report, opts.ReportOpts()); err != nil {
+	if err := pkgReport.Write(report, opts); err != nil {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("unable to write results: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ func (r *runner) initJavaDB(opts flag.Options) error {
 
 	// If vulnerability scanning and SBOM generation are disabled, it doesn't need to download the Java database.
 	if !opts.Scanners.Enabled(types.VulnerabilityScanner) &&
-		!slices.Contains(pkgReport.SupportedSBOMFormats, opts.Format) {
+		!slices.Contains(types.SupportedSBOMFormats, opts.Format) {
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ func disabledAnalyzers(opts flag.Options) []analyzer.Type {
 	// But we don't create client if vulnerability analysis is disabled and SBOM format is not used
 	// We need to disable jar analyzer to avoid errors
 	// TODO disable all languages that don't contain license information for this case
-	if !opts.Scanners.Enabled(types.VulnerabilityScanner) && !slices.Contains(pkgReport.SupportedSBOMFormats, opts.Format) {
+	if !opts.Scanners.Enabled(types.VulnerabilityScanner) && !slices.Contains(types.SupportedSBOMFormats, opts.Format) {
 		analyzers = append(analyzers, analyzer.TypeJar)
 	}
 
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ func initScannerConfig(opts flag.Options, cacheClient cache.Cache) (ScannerConfi
 
 	// SPDX needs to calculate digests for package files
 	var fileChecksum bool
-	if opts.Format == pkgReport.FormatSPDXJSON || opts.Format == pkgReport.FormatSPDX {
+	if opts.Format == types.FormatSPDXJSON || opts.Format == types.FormatSPDX {
 		fileChecksum = true
 	}
 

pkg/commands/convert/run.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func Run(ctx context.Context, opts flag.Options) (err error) {
 	}
 
 	log.Logger.Debug("Writing report to output...")
-	if err = report.Write(r, opts.ReportOpts()); err != nil {
+	if err = report.Write(r, opts); err != nil {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("unable to write results: %w", err)
 	}
 

pkg/compliance/report/report.go

@@ -15,13 +15,10 @@ import (
 const (
 	allReport     = "all"
 	summaryReport = "summary"
-
-	tableFormat = "table"
-	jsonFormat  = "json"
 )
 
 type Option struct {
-	Format        string
+	Format        types.Format
 	Report        string
 	Output        io.Writer
 	Severities    []dbTypes.Severity
@@ -70,10 +67,10 @@ type Writer interface {
 // Write writes the results in the give format
 func Write(report *ComplianceReport, option Option) error {
 	switch option.Format {
-	case jsonFormat:
+	case types.FormatJSON:
 		jwriter := JSONWriter{Output: option.Output, Report: option.Report}
 		return jwriter.Write(report)
-	case tableFormat:
+	case types.FormatTable:
 		if !report.empty() {
 			complianceWriter := &TableWriter{
 				Output:     option.Output,

pkg/fanal/analyzer/fs.go

@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/mapfs"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/syncx"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/sync"
 )
 
 // CompositeFS contains multiple filesystems for post-analyzers
 type CompositeFS struct {
 	group AnalyzerGroup
 	dir   string
-	files *syncx.Map[Type, *mapfs.FS]
+	files *sync.Map[Type, *mapfs.FS]
 }
 
 func NewCompositeFS(group AnalyzerGroup) (*CompositeFS, error) {
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func NewCompositeFS(group AnalyzerGroup) (*CompositeFS, error) {
 	return &CompositeFS{
 		group: group,
 		dir:   tmpDir,
-		files: new(syncx.Map[Type, *mapfs.FS]),
+		files: new(sync.Map[Type, *mapfs.FS]),
 	}, nil
 }
 

pkg/fanal/types/image.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package types
 
 import (
 	v1 "github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1"
-	"github.com/samber/lo"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -106,9 +105,3 @@ type Credential struct {
 	Username string
 	Password string
 }
-
-func (runtimes ImageSources) StringSlice() []string {
-	return lo.Map(runtimes, func(r ImageSource, _ int) string {
-		return string(r)
-	})
-}

pkg/flag/image_flags.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
+	xstrings "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/strings"
 )
 
 // e.g. config yaml
@@ -18,10 +19,10 @@ var (
 		Name:       "image-config-scanners",
 		ConfigName: "image.image-config-scanners",
 		Default:    []string{},
-		Values: types.Scanners{
+		Values: xstrings.ToStringSlice(types.Scanners{
 			types.MisconfigScanner,
 			types.SecretScanner,
-		}.StringSlice(),
+		}),
 		Usage: "comma-separated list of what security issues to detect on container image configurations",
 	}
 	ScanRemovedPkgsFlag = Flag{
@@ -51,8 +52,8 @@ var (
 	SourceFlag = Flag{
 		Name:       "image-src",
 		ConfigName: "image.source",
-		Default:    ftypes.AllImageSources.StringSlice(),
-		Values:     ftypes.AllImageSources.StringSlice(),
+		Default:    xstrings.ToStringSlice(ftypes.AllImageSources),
+		Values:     xstrings.ToStringSlice(ftypes.AllImageSources),
 		Usage:      "image source(s) to use, in priority order",
 	}
 )

pkg/flag/options.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/samber/lo"
 	"github.com/spf13/cast"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
@@ -18,14 +17,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/analyzer"
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/result"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
+	xio "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/io"
+	xstrings "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/strings"
 )
 
-type String interface {
-	~string
-}
-
 type Flag struct {
 	// Name is for CLI flag and environment variable.
 	// If this field is empty, it will be available only in config file.
@@ -120,18 +117,18 @@ type Options struct {
 
 // Align takes consistency of options
 func (o *Options) Align() {
-	if o.Format == report.FormatSPDX || o.Format == report.FormatSPDXJSON {
+	if o.Format == types.FormatSPDX || o.Format == types.FormatSPDXJSON {
 		log.Logger.Info(`"--format spdx" and "--format spdx-json" disable security scanning`)
 		o.Scanners = nil
 	}
 
 	// Vulnerability scanning is disabled by default for CycloneDX.
-	if o.Format == report.FormatCycloneDX && !viper.IsSet(ScannersFlag.ConfigName) && len(o.K8sOptions.Components) == 0 { // remove K8sOptions.Components validation check when vuln scan is supported for k8s report with cycloneDX
+	if o.Format == types.FormatCycloneDX && !viper.IsSet(ScannersFlag.ConfigName) && len(o.K8sOptions.Components) == 0 { // remove K8sOptions.Components validation check when vuln scan is supported for k8s report with cycloneDX
 		log.Logger.Info(`"--format cyclonedx" disables security scanning. Specify "--scanners vuln" explicitly if you want to include vulnerabilities in the CycloneDX report.`)
 		o.Scanners = nil
 	}
 
-	if o.Format == report.FormatCycloneDX && len(o.K8sOptions.Components) > 0 {
+	if o.Format == types.FormatCycloneDX && len(o.K8sOptions.Components) > 0 {
 		log.Logger.Info(`"k8s with --format cyclonedx" disable security scanning`)
 		o.Scanners = nil
 	}
@@ -161,19 +158,17 @@ func (o *Options) FilterOpts() result.FilterOption {
 	}
 }
 
-func (o *Options) ReportOpts() report.Option {
-	return report.Option{
-		AppVersion:         o.AppVersion,
-		Format:             o.Format,
-		Output:             o.Output,
-		Tree:               o.DependencyTree,
-		Severities:         o.Severities,
-		OutputTemplate:     o.Template,
-		IncludeNonFailures: o.IncludeNonFailures,
-		Trace:              o.Trace,
-		Report:             o.ReportFormat,
-		Compliance:         o.Compliance,
+// OutputWriter returns an output writer.
+// If the output file is not specified, it returns os.Stdout.
+func (o *Options) OutputWriter() (io.WriteCloser, error) {
+	if o.Output != "" {
+		f, err := os.Create(o.Output)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, xerrors.Errorf("failed to create output file: %w", err)
 		}
+		return f, nil
+	}
+	return xio.NopCloser(os.Stdout), nil
 }
 
 func addFlag(cmd *cobra.Command, flag *Flag) {
@@ -268,6 +263,11 @@ func getString(flag *Flag) string {
 	return cast.ToString(getValue(flag))
 }
 
+func getUnderlyingString[T xstrings.String](flag *Flag) T {
+	s := getString(flag)
+	return T(s)
+}
+
 func getStringSlice(flag *Flag) []string {
 	// viper always returns a string for ENV
 	// https://github.com/spf13/viper/blob/419fd86e49ef061d0d33f4d1d56d5e2a480df5bb/viper.go#L545-L553
@@ -283,14 +283,12 @@ func getStringSlice(flag *Flag) []string {
 	return v
 }
 
-func getUnderlyingStringSlice[T String](flag *Flag) []T {
+func getUnderlyingStringSlice[T xstrings.String](flag *Flag) []T {
 	ss := getStringSlice(flag)
 	if len(ss) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	return lo.Map(ss, func(s string, _ int) T {
-		return T(s)
-	})
+	return xstrings.ToTSlice[T](ss)
 }
 
 func getInt(flag *Flag) int {
@@ -441,7 +439,7 @@ func (f *Flags) Bind(cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 }
 
 // nolint: gocyclo
-func (f *Flags) ToOptions(appVersion string, args []string, globalFlags *GlobalFlagGroup, output io.Writer) (Options, error) {
+func (f *Flags) ToOptions(appVersion string, args []string, globalFlags *GlobalFlagGroup) (Options, error) {
 	var err error
 	opts := Options{
 		AppVersion:    appVersion,
@@ -522,7 +520,7 @@ func (f *Flags) ToOptions(appVersion string, args []string, globalFlags *GlobalF
 	}
 
 	if f.ReportFlagGroup != nil {
-		opts.ReportOptions, err = f.ReportFlagGroup.ToOptions(output)
+		opts.ReportOptions, err = f.ReportFlagGroup.ToOptions()
 		if err != nil {
 			return Options{}, xerrors.Errorf("report flag error: %w", err)
 		}

pkg/flag/report_flags.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package flag
 
 import (
-	"io"
-	"os"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/samber/lo"
@@ -12,9 +10,9 @@ import (
 	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/compliance/spec"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/result"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
+	xstrings "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/strings"
 )
 
 // e.g. config yaml:
@@ -27,8 +25,8 @@ var (
 		Name:       "format",
 		ConfigName: "format",
 		Shorthand:  "f",
-		Default:    report.FormatTable,
-		Values:     report.SupportedFormats,
+		Default:    string(types.FormatTable),
+		Values:     xstrings.ToStringSlice(types.SupportedFormats),
 		Usage:      "format",
 	}
 	ReportFormatFlag = Flag{
@@ -122,7 +120,7 @@ type ReportFlagGroup struct {
 }
 
 type ReportOptions struct {
-	Format         string
+	Format         types.Format
 	ReportFormat   string
 	Template       string
 	DependencyTree bool
@@ -131,7 +129,7 @@ type ReportOptions struct {
 	ExitCode       int
 	ExitOnEOL      int
 	IgnorePolicy   string
-	Output         io.Writer
+	Output         string
 	Severities     []dbTypes.Severity
 	Compliance     spec.ComplianceSpec
 }
@@ -174,12 +172,11 @@ func (f *ReportFlagGroup) Flags() []*Flag {
 	}
 }
 
-func (f *ReportFlagGroup) ToOptions(out io.Writer) (ReportOptions, error) {
-	format := getString(f.Format)
+func (f *ReportFlagGroup) ToOptions() (ReportOptions, error) {
+	format := getUnderlyingString[types.Format](f.Format)
 	template := getString(f.Template)
 	dependencyTree := getBool(f.DependencyTree)
 	listAllPkgs := getBool(f.ListAllPkgs)
-	output := getString(f.Output)
 
 	if template != "" {
 		if format == "" {
@@ -188,14 +185,14 @@ func (f *ReportFlagGroup) ToOptions(out io.Writer) (ReportOptions, error) {
 			log.Logger.Warnf("'--template' is ignored because '--format %s' is specified. Use '--template' option with '--format template' option.", format)
 		}
 	} else {
-		if format == report.FormatTemplate {
+		if format == types.FormatTemplate {
 			log.Logger.Warn("'--format template' is ignored because '--template' is not specified. Specify '--template' option when you use '--format template'.")
 		}
 	}
 
 	// "--list-all-pkgs" option is unavailable with "--format table".
 	// If user specifies "--list-all-pkgs" with "--format table", we should warn it.
-	if listAllPkgs && format == report.FormatTable {
+	if listAllPkgs && format == types.FormatTable {
 		log.Logger.Warn(`"--list-all-pkgs" cannot be used with "--format table". Try "--format json" or other formats.`)
 	}
 
@@ -204,7 +201,7 @@ func (f *ReportFlagGroup) ToOptions(out io.Writer) (ReportOptions, error) {
 		log.Logger.Infof(`"--dependency-tree" only shows the dependents of vulnerable packages. ` +
 			`Note that it is the reverse of the usual dependency tree, which shows the packages that depend on the vulnerable package. ` +
 			`It supports limited package managers. Please see the document for the detail.`)
-		if format != report.FormatTable {
+		if format != types.FormatTable {
 			log.Logger.Warn(`"--dependency-tree" can be used only with "--format table".`)
 		}
 	}
@@ -214,13 +211,6 @@ func (f *ReportFlagGroup) ToOptions(out io.Writer) (ReportOptions, error) {
 		listAllPkgs = true
 	}
 
-	if output != "" {
-		var err error
-		if out, err = os.Create(output); err != nil {
-			return ReportOptions{}, xerrors.Errorf("failed to create an output file: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	cs, err := loadComplianceTypes(getString(f.Compliance))
 	if err != nil {
 		return ReportOptions{}, xerrors.Errorf("unable to load compliance spec: %w", err)
@@ -236,14 +226,14 @@ func (f *ReportFlagGroup) ToOptions(out io.Writer) (ReportOptions, error) {
 		ExitCode:       getInt(f.ExitCode),
 		ExitOnEOL:      getInt(f.ExitOnEOL),
 		IgnorePolicy:   getString(f.IgnorePolicy),
-		Output:         out,
+		Output:         getString(f.Output),
 		Severities:     toSeverity(getStringSlice(f.Severity)),
 		Compliance:     cs,
 	}, nil
 }
 
 func loadComplianceTypes(compliance string) (spec.ComplianceSpec, error) {
-	if len(compliance) > 0 && !slices.Contains(types.Compliances, compliance) && !strings.HasPrefix(compliance, "@") {
+	if len(compliance) > 0 && !slices.Contains(types.SupportedCompliances, compliance) && !strings.HasPrefix(compliance, "@") {
 		return spec.ComplianceSpec{}, xerrors.Errorf("unknown compliance : %v", compliance)
 	}
 
@@ -255,13 +245,13 @@ func loadComplianceTypes(compliance string) (spec.ComplianceSpec, error) {
 	return cs, nil
 }
 
-func (f *ReportFlagGroup) forceListAllPkgs(format string, listAllPkgs, dependencyTree bool) bool {
-	if slices.Contains(report.SupportedSBOMFormats, format) && !listAllPkgs {
-		log.Logger.Debugf("%q automatically enables '--list-all-pkgs'.", report.SupportedSBOMFormats)
+func (f *ReportFlagGroup) forceListAllPkgs(format types.Format, listAllPkgs, dependencyTree bool) bool {
+	if slices.Contains(types.SupportedSBOMFormats, format) && !listAllPkgs {
+		log.Logger.Debugf("%q automatically enables '--list-all-pkgs'.", types.SupportedSBOMFormats)
 		return true
 	}
 	// We need this flag to insert dependency locations into Sarif('Package' struct contains 'Locations')
-	if format == report.FormatSarif && !listAllPkgs {
+	if format == types.FormatSarif && !listAllPkgs {
 		log.Logger.Debugf("Sarif format automatically enables '--list-all-pkgs' to get locations")
 		return true
 	}

pkg/flag/report_flags_test.go

@@ -1,26 +1,24 @@
 package flag_test
 
 import (
-	"os"
 	"testing"
 
-	defsecTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/pkg/types"
-
 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"go.uber.org/zap/zaptest/observer"
 
+	defsecTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/defsec/pkg/types"
 	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/compliance/spec"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/flag"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
 
 func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 	type fields struct {
-		format         string
+		format         types.Format
 		template       string
 		dependencyTree bool
 		listAllPkgs    bool
@@ -44,9 +42,7 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name:   "happy default (without flags)",
 			fields: fields{},
-			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output: os.Stdout,
-			},
+			want:   flag.ReportOptions{},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "happy path with an cyclonedx",
@@ -56,9 +52,8 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				listAllPkgs: true,
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output:      os.Stdout,
 				Severities:  []dbTypes.Severity{dbTypes.SeverityCritical},
-				Format:      report.FormatCycloneDX,
+				Format:      types.FormatCycloneDX,
 				ListAllPkgs: true,
 			},
 		},
@@ -76,11 +71,10 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				`Severities: ["CRITICAL"]`,
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output: os.Stdout,
 				Severities: []dbTypes.Severity{
 					dbTypes.SeverityCritical,
 				},
-				Format:      report.FormatCycloneDX,
+				Format:      types.FormatCycloneDX,
 				ListAllPkgs: true,
 			},
 		},
@@ -94,7 +88,6 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				"'--template' is ignored because '--format template' is not specified. Use '--template' option with '--format template' option.",
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output:     os.Stdout,
 				Severities: []dbTypes.Severity{dbTypes.SeverityLow},
 				Template:   "@contrib/gitlab.tpl",
 			},
@@ -110,7 +103,6 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				"'--template' is ignored because '--format json' is specified. Use '--template' option with '--format template' option.",
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output:     os.Stdout,
 				Format:     "json",
 				Severities: []dbTypes.Severity{dbTypes.SeverityLow},
 				Template:   "@contrib/gitlab.tpl",
@@ -126,7 +118,6 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				"'--format template' is ignored because '--template' is not specified. Specify '--template' option when you use '--format template'.",
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output:     os.Stdout,
 				Format:     "template",
 				Severities: []dbTypes.Severity{dbTypes.SeverityLow},
 			},
@@ -143,7 +134,6 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
 				Format:      "table",
-				Output:      os.Stdout,
 				Severities:  []dbTypes.Severity{dbTypes.SeverityLow},
 				ListAllPkgs: true,
 			},
@@ -155,7 +145,6 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				severities: dbTypes.SeverityLow.String(),
 			},
 			want: flag.ReportOptions{
-				Output: os.Stdout,
 				Compliance: spec.ComplianceSpec{
 					Spec: defsecTypes.Spec{
 						ID:          "0001",
@@ -188,7 +177,7 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 			core, obs := observer.New(level)
 			log.Logger = zap.New(core).Sugar()
 
-			viper.Set(flag.FormatFlag.ConfigName, tt.fields.format)
+			viper.Set(flag.FormatFlag.ConfigName, string(tt.fields.format))
 			viper.Set(flag.TemplateFlag.ConfigName, tt.fields.template)
 			viper.Set(flag.DependencyTreeFlag.ConfigName, tt.fields.dependencyTree)
 			viper.Set(flag.ListAllPkgsFlag.ConfigName, tt.fields.listAllPkgs)
@@ -216,7 +205,7 @@ func TestReportFlagGroup_ToOptions(t *testing.T) {
 				Compliance:     &flag.ComplianceFlag,
 			}
 
-			got, err := f.ToOptions(os.Stdout)
+			got, err := f.ToOptions()
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 			assert.Equalf(t, tt.want, got, "ToOptions()")
 

pkg/flag/scan_flags.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package flag
 
 import (
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
+	xstrings "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/strings"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -26,16 +27,16 @@ var (
 	ScannersFlag = Flag{
 		Name:       "scanners",
 		ConfigName: "scan.scanners",
-		Default: types.Scanners{
+		Default: xstrings.ToStringSlice(types.Scanners{
 			types.VulnerabilityScanner,
 			types.SecretScanner,
-		}.StringSlice(),
-		Values: types.Scanners{
+		}),
+		Values: xstrings.ToStringSlice(types.Scanners{
 			types.VulnerabilityScanner,
 			types.MisconfigScanner,
 			types.SecretScanner,
 			types.LicenseScanner,
-		}.StringSlice(),
+		}),
 		Aliases: []Alias{
 			{
 				Name:       "security-checks",

pkg/k8s/commands/cluster.go

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-kubernetes/pkg/trivyk8s"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/flag"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
 
@@ -23,12 +22,12 @@ func clusterRun(ctx context.Context, opts flag.Options, cluster k8s.Cluster) err
 	var artifacts []*artifacts.Artifact
 	var err error
 	switch opts.Format {
-	case report.FormatCycloneDX:
+	case types.FormatCycloneDX:
 		artifacts, err = trivyk8s.New(cluster, log.Logger).ListBomInfo(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return xerrors.Errorf("get k8s artifacts with node info error: %w", err)
 		}
-	case report.FormatJSON, report.FormatTable:
+	case types.FormatJSON, types.FormatTable:
 		if opts.Scanners.AnyEnabled(types.MisconfigScanner) && slices.Contains(opts.Components, "infra") {
 			artifacts, err = trivyk8s.New(cluster, log.Logger).ListArtifactAndNodeInfo(ctx, opts.NodeCollectorNamespace, opts.ExcludeNodes, opts.Tolerations...)
 			if err != nil {

pkg/k8s/commands/run.go

@@ -95,6 +95,12 @@ func (r *runner) run(ctx context.Context, artifacts []*artifacts.Artifact) error
 		return xerrors.Errorf("k8s scan error: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	output, err := r.flagOpts.OutputWriter()
+	if err != nil {
+		return xerrors.Errorf("failed to create output file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer output.Close()
+
 	if r.flagOpts.Compliance.Spec.ID != "" {
 		var scanResults []types.Results
 		for _, rss := range rpt.Resources {
@@ -107,14 +113,14 @@ func (r *runner) run(ctx context.Context, artifacts []*artifacts.Artifact) error
 		return cr.Write(complianceReport, cr.Option{
 			Format: r.flagOpts.Format,
 			Report: r.flagOpts.ReportFormat,
-			Output: r.flagOpts.Output,
+			Output: output,
 		})
 	}
 
 	if err := k8sRep.Write(rpt, report.Option{
 		Format:     r.flagOpts.Format,
 		Report:     r.flagOpts.ReportFormat,
-		Output:     r.flagOpts.Output,
+		Output:     output,
 		Severities: r.flagOpts.Severities,
 		Components: r.flagOpts.Components,
 		Scanners:   r.flagOpts.ScanOptions.Scanners,

pkg/k8s/report/report.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 type Option struct {
-	Format        string
+	Format        types.Format
 	Report        string
 	Output        io.Writer
 	Severities    []dbTypes.Severity

pkg/k8s/scanner/scanner.go

@@ -7,16 +7,13 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
-	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
-
+	cdx "github.com/CycloneDX/cyclonedx-go"
 	ms "github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
 	"github.com/package-url/packageurl-go"
 	"github.com/samber/lo"
+	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/go-version/pkg/version"
-
-	cdx "github.com/CycloneDX/cyclonedx-go"
-
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-kubernetes/pkg/artifacts"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-kubernetes/pkg/bom"
 	cmd "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/commands/artifact"
@@ -27,7 +24,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/parallel"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/purl"
-	rep "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
 	cyc "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/sbom/cyclonedx"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/sbom/cyclonedx/core"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/scanner/local"
@@ -74,7 +70,7 @@ func (s *Scanner) Scan(ctx context.Context, artifactsData []*artifacts.Artifact)
 		}
 	}()
 
-	if s.opts.Format == rep.FormatCycloneDX {
+	if s.opts.Format == types.FormatCycloneDX {
 		rootComponent, err := clusterInfoToReportResources(artifactsData, s.cluster)
 		if err != nil {
 			return report.Report{}, err

pkg/k8s/writer.go

@@ -3,12 +3,11 @@ package k8s
 import (
 	"fmt"
 
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/k8s/report"
-
 	cdx "github.com/CycloneDX/cyclonedx-go"
 
-	rp "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/k8s/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report/table"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
 
 type Writer interface {
@@ -20,13 +19,13 @@ func Write(k8sreport report.Report, option report.Option) error {
 	k8sreport.PrintErrors()
 
 	switch option.Format {
-	case rp.FormatJSON:
+	case types.FormatJSON:
 		jwriter := report.JSONWriter{
 			Output: option.Output,
 			Report: option.Report,
 		}
 		return jwriter.Write(k8sreport)
-	case rp.FormatTable:
+	case types.FormatTable:
 		separatedReports := report.SeparateMisconfigReports(k8sreport, option.Scanners, option.Components)
 
 		if option.Report == report.SummaryReport {
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ func Write(k8sreport report.Report, option report.Option) error {
 		}
 
 		return nil
-	case rp.FormatCycloneDX:
+	case types.FormatCycloneDX:
 		w := report.NewCycloneDXWriter(option.Output, cdx.BOMFileFormatJSON, option.APIVersion)
 		return w.Write(k8sreport.RootComponent)
 	}

pkg/mapfs/file.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/syncx"
+	xsync "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/sync"
 )
 
 var separator = "/"
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ type file struct {
 	underlyingPath string // underlying file path
 	data           []byte // virtual file, only either of 'path' or 'data' has a value.
 	stat           fileStat
-	files          syncx.Map[string, *file]
+	files          xsync.Map[string, *file]
 }
 
 func (f *file) isVirtual() bool {
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func (f *file) MkdirAll(path string, perm fs.FileMode) error {
 			modTime: time.Now(),
 			mode:    perm,
 		},
-		files: syncx.Map[string, *file]{},
+		files: xsync.Map[string, *file]{},
 	}
 
 	// Create the directory when the key is not present

pkg/mapfs/fs.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/syncx"
+	xsync "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/sync"
 )
 
 type allFS interface {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func New(opts ...Option) *FS {
 				modTime: time.Now(),
 				mode:    0o0700 | fs.ModeDir,
 			},
-			files: syncx.Map[string, *file]{},
+			files: xsync.Map[string, *file]{},
 		},
 	}
 	for _, opt := range opts {

pkg/report/github/github_test.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 
 	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report/github"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
@@ -136,22 +135,19 @@ func TestWriter_Write(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			jw := github.Writer{}
-			written := bytes.Buffer{}
-			jw.Output = &written
+			written := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+			w := github.Writer{
+				Output: written,
+			}
 
 			inputResults := tt.report
 
-			err := report.Write(inputResults, report.Option{
-				Format: "github",
-				Output: &written,
-			})
+			err := w.Write(inputResults)
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 
 			var got github.DependencySnapshot
 			err = json.Unmarshal(written.Bytes(), &got)
 			assert.NoError(t, err, "invalid github written")
-
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got.Manifests, tt.name)
 		})
 	}

pkg/report/json_test.go

@@ -66,9 +66,10 @@ func TestReportWriter_JSON(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			jw := report.JSONWriter{}
-			jsonWritten := bytes.Buffer{}
-			jw.Output = &jsonWritten
+			jsonWritten := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+			jw := report.JSONWriter{
+				Output: jsonWritten,
+			}
 
 			inputResults := types.Report{
 				SchemaVersion: 2,
@@ -81,10 +82,7 @@ func TestReportWriter_JSON(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			err := report.Write(inputResults, report.Option{
-				Format: "json",
-				Output: &jsonWritten,
-			})
+			err := jw.Write(inputResults)
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 
 			var got types.Report

pkg/report/sarif_test.go

@@ -456,11 +456,11 @@ func TestReportWriter_Sarif(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			sarifWritten := bytes.Buffer{}
-			err := report.Write(tt.input, report.Option{
-				Format: "sarif",
-				Output: &sarifWritten,
-			})
+			sarifWritten := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+			w := report.SarifWriter{
+				Output: sarifWritten,
+			}
+			err := w.Write(tt.input)
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 
 			result := &sarif.Report{}

pkg/report/spdx/spdx.go

@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ import (
 type Writer struct {
 	output    io.Writer
 	version   string
-	format    string
+	format    types.Format
 	marshaler *spdx.Marshaler
 }
 
-func NewWriter(output io.Writer, version string, spdxFormat string) Writer {
+func NewWriter(output io.Writer, version string, spdxFormat types.Format) Writer {
 	return Writer{
 		output:    output,
 		version:   version,

pkg/report/table/table_test.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report/table"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
 )
 
@@ -339,8 +339,7 @@ package-lock.json
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			tableWritten := bytes.Buffer{}
-			err := report.Write(types.Report{Results: tc.results}, report.Option{
-				Format:             report.FormatTable,
+			writer := table.Writer{
 				Output:             &tableWritten,
 				Tree:               true,
 				IncludeNonFailures: tc.includeNonFailures,
@@ -348,7 +347,8 @@ package-lock.json
 					dbTypes.SeverityHigh,
 					dbTypes.SeverityMedium,
 				},
-			})
+			}
+			err := writer.Write(types.Report{Results: tc.results})
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 			assert.Equal(t, tc.expectedOutput, tableWritten.String(), tc.name)
 		})

pkg/report/template_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/clock"
@@ -177,11 +178,9 @@ func TestReportWriter_Template(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 
-			err := report.Write(inputReport, report.Option{
-				Format:         "template",
-				Output:         &got,
-				OutputTemplate: tc.template,
-			})
+			w, err := report.NewTemplateWriter(&got, tc.template)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			err = w.Write(inputReport)
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 			assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, got.String())
 		})

pkg/report/writer.go

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ import (
 
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 
-	dbTypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkg/types"
 	cr "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/compliance/report"
-	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/compliance/spec"
+	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/flag"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/log"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report/cyclonedx"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/report/github"
@@ -21,114 +20,67 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	SchemaVersion = 2
-
-	FormatTable      = "table"
-	FormatJSON       = "json"
-	FormatTemplate   = "template"
-	FormatSarif      = "sarif"
-	FormatCycloneDX  = "cyclonedx"
-	FormatSPDX       = "spdx"
-	FormatSPDXJSON   = "spdx-json"
-	FormatGitHub     = "github"
-	FormatCosignVuln = "cosign-vuln"
 )
 
-var (
-	SupportedFormats = []string{
-		FormatTable,
-		FormatJSON,
-		FormatTemplate,
-		FormatSarif,
-		FormatCycloneDX,
-		FormatSPDX,
-		FormatSPDXJSON,
-		FormatGitHub,
-		FormatCosignVuln,
-	}
-)
-
-var (
-	SupportedSBOMFormats = []string{
-		FormatCycloneDX,
-		FormatSPDX,
-		FormatSPDXJSON,
-		FormatGitHub,
-	}
-)
-
-type Option struct {
-	AppVersion string
-
-	Format         string
-	Report         string
-	Output         io.Writer
-	Tree           bool
-	Severities     []dbTypes.Severity
-	OutputTemplate string
-	Compliance     spec.ComplianceSpec
-
-	// For misconfigurations
-	IncludeNonFailures bool
-	Trace              bool
-
-	// For licenses
-	LicenseRiskThreshold int
-	IgnoredLicenses      []string
-}
-
 // Write writes the result to output, format as passed in argument
-func Write(report types.Report, option Option) error {
+func Write(report types.Report, option flag.Options) error {
+	output, err := option.OutputWriter()
+	if err != nil {
+		return xerrors.Errorf("failed to create a file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer output.Close()
+
 	// Compliance report
 	if option.Compliance.Spec.ID != "" {
-		return complianceWrite(report, option)
+		return complianceWrite(report, option, output)
 	}
 
 	var writer Writer
 	switch option.Format {
-	case FormatTable:
+	case types.FormatTable:
 		writer = &table.Writer{
-			Output:               option.Output,
+			Output:               output,
 			Severities:           option.Severities,
-			Tree:                 option.Tree,
+			Tree:                 option.DependencyTree,
 			ShowMessageOnce:      &sync.Once{},
 			IncludeNonFailures:   option.IncludeNonFailures,
 			Trace:                option.Trace,
 			LicenseRiskThreshold: option.LicenseRiskThreshold,
 			IgnoredLicenses:      option.IgnoredLicenses,
 		}
-	case FormatJSON:
-		writer = &JSONWriter{Output: option.Output}
-	case FormatGitHub:
+	case types.FormatJSON:
+		writer = &JSONWriter{Output: output}
+	case types.FormatGitHub:
 		writer = &github.Writer{
-			Output:  option.Output,
+			Output:  output,
 			Version: option.AppVersion,
 		}
-	case FormatCycloneDX:
+	case types.FormatCycloneDX:
 		// TODO: support xml format option with cyclonedx writer
-		writer = cyclonedx.NewWriter(option.Output, option.AppVersion)
-	case FormatSPDX, FormatSPDXJSON:
-		writer = spdx.NewWriter(option.Output, option.AppVersion, option.Format)
-	case FormatTemplate:
+		writer = cyclonedx.NewWriter(output, option.AppVersion)
+	case types.FormatSPDX, types.FormatSPDXJSON:
+		writer = spdx.NewWriter(output, option.AppVersion, option.Format)
+	case types.FormatTemplate:
 		// We keep `sarif.tpl` template working for backward compatibility for a while.
-		if strings.HasPrefix(option.OutputTemplate, "@") && strings.HasSuffix(option.OutputTemplate, "sarif.tpl") {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(option.Template, "@") && strings.HasSuffix(option.Template, "sarif.tpl") {
 			log.Logger.Warn("Using `--template sarif.tpl` is deprecated. Please migrate to `--format sarif`. See https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/discussions/1571")
 			writer = &SarifWriter{
-				Output:  option.Output,
+				Output:  output,
 				Version: option.AppVersion,
 			}
 			break
 		}
 		var err error
-		if writer, err = NewTemplateWriter(option.Output, option.OutputTemplate); err != nil {
+		if writer, err = NewTemplateWriter(output, option.Template); err != nil {
 			return xerrors.Errorf("failed to initialize template writer: %w", err)
 		}
-	case FormatSarif:
+	case types.FormatSarif:
 		writer = &SarifWriter{
-			Output:  option.Output,
+			Output:  output,
 			Version: option.AppVersion,
 		}
-	case FormatCosignVuln:
-		writer = predicate.NewVulnWriter(option.Output, option.AppVersion)
+	case types.FormatCosignVuln:
+		writer = predicate.NewVulnWriter(output, option.AppVersion)
 	default:
 		return xerrors.Errorf("unknown format: %v", option.Format)
 	}
@@ -139,15 +91,15 @@ func Write(report types.Report, option Option) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func complianceWrite(report types.Report, opt Option) error {
+func complianceWrite(report types.Report, opt flag.Options, output io.Writer) error {
 	complianceReport, err := cr.BuildComplianceReport([]types.Results{report.Results}, opt.Compliance)
 	if err != nil {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("compliance report build error: %w", err)
 	}
 	return cr.Write(complianceReport, cr.Option{
 		Format:     opt.Format,
-		Report:     opt.Report,
-		Output:     opt.Output,
+		Report:     opt.ReportFormat,
+		Output:     output,
 		Severities: opt.Severities,
 	})
 }

pkg/rpc/client/client.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
 	r "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/rpc"
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/types"
+	xstrings "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/x/strings"
 	rpc "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/rpc/scanner"
 )
 
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ func (s Scanner) Scan(ctx context.Context, target, artifactKey string, blobKeys
 			BlobIds:    blobKeys,
 			Options: &rpc.ScanOptions{
 				VulnType:          opts.VulnType,
-				Scanners:          opts.Scanners.StringSlice(),
+				Scanners:          xstrings.ToStringSlice(opts.Scanners),
 				ListAllPackages:   opts.ListAllPackages,
 				LicenseCategories: licenseCategories,
 				IncludeDevDeps:    opts.IncludeDevDeps,

pkg/types/report.go

@@ -8,16 +8,6 @@ import (
 	ftypes "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/fanal/types"
 )
 
-var Compliances = []string{
-	ComplianceK8sNsa,
-	ComplianceK8sCIS,
-	ComplianceK8sPSSBaseline,
-	ComplianceK8sPSSRestricted,
-	ComplianceAWSCIS12,
-	ComplianceAWSCIS14,
-	ComplianceDockerCIS,
-}
-
 // Report represents a scan result
 type Report struct {
 	SchemaVersion int                 `json:",omitempty"`
@@ -48,6 +38,7 @@ type Results []Result
 
 type ResultClass string
 type Compliance = string
+type Format string
 
 const (
 	ClassOSPkg       = "os-pkgs"      // For detected packages and vulnerabilities in OS packages
@@ -65,6 +56,45 @@ const (
 	ComplianceAWSCIS12         = Compliance("aws-cis-1.2")
 	ComplianceAWSCIS14         = Compliance("aws-cis-1.4")
 	ComplianceDockerCIS        = Compliance("docker-cis")
+
+	FormatTable      Format = "table"
+	FormatJSON       Format = "json"
+	FormatTemplate   Format = "template"
+	FormatSarif      Format = "sarif"
+	FormatCycloneDX  Format = "cyclonedx"
+	FormatSPDX       Format = "spdx"
+	FormatSPDXJSON   Format = "spdx-json"
+	FormatGitHub     Format = "github"
+	FormatCosignVuln Format = "cosign-vuln"
+)
+
+var (
+	SupportedFormats = []Format{
+		FormatTable,
+		FormatJSON,
+		FormatTemplate,
+		FormatSarif,
+		FormatCycloneDX,
+		FormatSPDX,
+		FormatSPDXJSON,
+		FormatGitHub,
+		FormatCosignVuln,
+	}
+	SupportedSBOMFormats = []Format{
+		FormatCycloneDX,
+		FormatSPDX,
+		FormatSPDXJSON,
+		FormatGitHub,
+	}
+	SupportedCompliances = []string{
+		ComplianceK8sNsa,
+		ComplianceK8sCIS,
+		ComplianceK8sPSSBaseline,
+		ComplianceK8sPSSRestricted,
+		ComplianceAWSCIS12,
+		ComplianceAWSCIS14,
+		ComplianceDockerCIS,
+	}
 )
 
 // Result holds a target and detected vulnerabilities

pkg/types/target.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package types
 
 import (
-	"github.com/samber/lo"
 	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 )
 
@@ -84,9 +83,3 @@ func (scanners Scanners) AnyEnabled(ss ...Scanner) bool {
 	}
 	return false
 }
-
-func (scanners Scanners) StringSlice() []string {
-	return lo.Map(scanners, func(s Scanner, _ int) string {
-		return string(s)
-	})
-}

pkg/x/io/io.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package io
+
+import "io"
+
+// NopCloser returns a WriteCloser with a no-op Close method wrapping
+// the provided Writer w.
+func NopCloser(w io.Writer) io.WriteCloser {
+	return nopCloser{w}
+}
+
+type nopCloser struct {
+	io.Writer
+}
+
+func (nopCloser) Close() error { return nil }

pkg/x/strings/strings.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package strings
+
+import "github.com/samber/lo"
+
+type String interface {
+	~string
+}
+
+func ToStringSlice[T String](ss []T) []string {
+	return lo.Map(ss, func(s T, _ int) string {
+		return string(s)
+	})
+}
+
+func ToTSlice[T String](ss []string) []T {
+	return lo.Map(ss, func(s string, _ int) T {
+		return T(s)
+	})
+}

pkg/x/sync/sync.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package syncx
+package sync
 
 import "sync"