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https://github.com/coding-horror/basic-computer-games.git
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Update AceyDucey.vb
- reduce nested do/loop and if/else statements by utilizing subs and functions.
This commit is contained in:
0phios
242
01_Acey_Ducey/vbnet/AceyDucey.vb
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242
01_Acey_Ducey/vbnet/AceyDucey.vb
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Public Class AceyDucey
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''' <summary>
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''' Create a single instance of the Random class to be used
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''' throughout the program.
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''' </summary>
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Private ReadOnly Property Rnd As New Random()
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''' <summary>
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''' Define a varaible to store the the player balance. <br/>
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''' Defaults to 0
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''' </summary>
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''' <remarks>
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''' Since <see cref="Integer"/> is a value type, and no value
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''' has been explicitly set, the default value of the type is used.
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''' </remarks>
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Private _balance As Integer
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Public Sub New()
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DisplayIntroduction()
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End Sub
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''' <summary>
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''' Play multiple games of Acey Ducey until the player chooses to quit.
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''' </summary>
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Public Sub Play()
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Do
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PlayGame()
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Loop While TryAgain() 'Loop (play again) based on the Boolean value returned by TryAgain
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Console.WriteLine("O.K., HOPE YOU HAD FUN!")
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End Sub
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''' <summary>
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''' Play a game of Acey Ducey, which ends when the player balance reaches 0
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''' </summary>
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Private Sub PlayGame()
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_balance = 100 'At the start of the game, set the player balance to 100
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Console.WriteLine()
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Console.WriteLine($"YOU NOW HAVE {_balance} DOLLARS.")
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Do
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PlayTurn()
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Loop While _balance > 0 'Continue playing while the user has a balance
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Console.WriteLine()
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, FRIEND, BUT YOU BLEW YOUR WAD.")
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End Sub
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''' <summary>
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''' Play one turn of Acey Ducey
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''' </summary>
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''' <remarks>
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''' A turn consists of displaying to cards, making a wager
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''' and determining the result (win/lose)
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''' </remarks>
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Private Sub PlayTurn()
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Console.WriteLine()
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Console.WriteLine("HERE ARE YOUR NEXT TWO CARDS: ")
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Dim cards = GetOrderedCards()
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For Each card In cards
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DisplayCard(card)
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Next
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Dim wager As Integer = GetWager()
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Dim finalCard As Integer = GetCard()
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If wager = 0 Then
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Console.WriteLine("CHICKEN!!")
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Return
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End If
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DisplayCard(finalCard)
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Console.WriteLine()
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'''Check if the value of the final card is between the first and second cards.
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'''
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'''The use of AndAlso is used to short-circuit the evaluation of the IF condition.
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'''Short-circuiting means that both sides of the condition do not need to be
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'''evaluated. In this case, if the left criteria returns FALSE, the right criteria
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'''is ignored and the evaluation result is returned as FALSE.
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'''
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'''This works because AndAlso requires both condition to return TRUE in order to be
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'''evaluated as TRUE. If the first condition is FALSE we already know the evaluation result.
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If finalCard >= cards.First() AndAlso finalCard <= cards.Last() Then
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Console.WriteLine("YOU WIN!!!")
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_balance += wager 'Condensed version of _balance = _balance + wager
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Else
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, YOU LOSE.")
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_balance -= wager 'Condensed version of _balance = _balance - wager
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End If
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End Sub
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''' <summary>
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''' Get two cards in ascending order
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''' </summary>
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''' <remarks>
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''' The original version generates two cards (A and B)
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''' If A is greater than or equal to B, both cards are regenerated.
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''' <br/><br/>
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''' This version generates the two cards, but only regenerates A
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''' if A is equal to B. The cards are then returned is ascending order,
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''' ensuring that A is less than B (maintaining the original end result)
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''' </remarks>
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Private Function GetOrderedCards() As Integer()
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'''When declaring fixed size arrays in VB.NET you declare the MAX INDEX of the array
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'''and NOT the SIZE (number of elements) of the array.
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'''As such, card(1) gives you and array with index 0 and index 1, which means
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'''the array stores two elements and not one
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Dim cards(1) As Integer
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cards(0) = GetCard()
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cards(1) = GetCard()
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'Perform this action as long as the first card is equal to the second card
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While cards(0) = cards(1)
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cards(0) = GetCard()
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End While
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Array.Sort(cards) 'Sort the values in ascending order
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Return cards
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End Function
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''' <summary>
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''' Get a random number (card) ranked 2 to 14
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''' </summary>
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Private Function GetCard() As Integer
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Return Rnd.Next(2, 15)
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End Function
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''' <summary>
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''' Display the face value of the card
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''' </summary>
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Private Sub DisplayCard(card As Integer)
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Dim output As String
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Select Case card
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Case 2 To 10
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output = card.ToString()
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Case 11
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output = "JACK"
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Case 12
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output = "QUEEN"
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Case 13
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output = "KING"
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Case 14
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output = "ACE"
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Case Else
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Throw New ArgumentOutOfRangeException(NameOf(card), "Value must be between 2 and 14")
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End Select
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Console.WriteLine(output)
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End Sub
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''' <summary>
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''' Prompt the user to make a bet
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''' </summary>
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''' <remarks>
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''' The function will not return until a valid bet is made. <br/>
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''' <see cref="Int32.TryParse(String, ByRef Integer)"/> is used to validate that the user input is a valid <see cref="Integer"/>
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''' </remarks>
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Private Function GetWager() As Integer
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Dim wager As Integer
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Do
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Console.WriteLine()
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Console.Write("WHAT IS YOUR BET? ")
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Dim input As String = Console.ReadLine()
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'''Determine if the user input is an Integer
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'''If it is an Integer, store the value in the variable wager
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If Not Integer.TryParse(input, wager) Then
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, I DID'T QUITE GET THAT.")
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Continue Do 'restart the loop
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End If
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'Prevent the user from betting more than their current balance
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If _balance < wager Then
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, MY FRIEND, BUT YOU BET TOO MUCH.")
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Console.WriteLine($"YOU HAVE ONLY {_balance} DOLLARS TO BET.")
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Continue Do 'restart the loop
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End If
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'Prevent the user from betting negative values
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If wager < 0 Then
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Console.WriteLine("FUNNY GUY! YOU CANNOT MAKE A NEGATIVE BET.")
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Continue Do 'restart the loop
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End If
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Exit Do 'If we get to this line, exit the loop as all above validations passed
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Loop
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Return wager
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End Function
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''' <summary>
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''' Prompt the user to try again
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''' </summary>
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''' <remarks>
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''' This function will not return until a valid reponse is given
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''' </remarks>
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Private Function TryAgain() As Boolean
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Dim response As String
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Do
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Console.Write("TRY AGAIN (YES OR NO) ")
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response = Console.ReadLine()
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If response.Equals("YES", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) Then Return True
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If response.Equals("NO", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) Then Return False
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, I DID'T QUITE GET THAT.")
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Loop
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End Function
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''' <summary>
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''' Display the opening title and instructions
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''' </summary>
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''' <remarks>
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''' Refer to
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''' <see href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/visual-basic/programming-guide/language-features/strings/interpolated-strings">
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''' Interpolated Strings
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''' </see> documentation for the use of $ and { } with strings
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''' </remarks>
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Private Sub DisplayIntroduction()
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Console.WriteLine($"{Space((Console.WindowWidth \ 2) - 10)}ACEY DUCEY CARD GAME")
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Console.WriteLine($"{Space((Console.WindowWidth \ 2) - 21)}CREATIVE COMPUTING MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("ACEY-DUCEY IS PLAYED IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER")
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Console.WriteLine("THE DEALER (COMPUTER) DEALS TWO CARDS FACE UP")
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Console.WriteLine("YOU HAVE AN OPTION TO BET OR NOT BET DEPENDING")
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Console.WriteLine("ON WHETHER OR NOT YOU FEEL THE CARD WILL HAVE")
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Console.WriteLine("A VALUE BETWEEN THE FIRST TWO.")
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Console.WriteLine("IF YOU DO NOT WANT TO BET, INPUT A 0")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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End Sub
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End Class
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@@ -6,173 +6,16 @@ Imports System
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''' The structural changes primarily consist of replacing the many GOTOs with
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''' Do/Loop constructs to force the continual execution of the program.
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'''
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''' Because modern Basic allows multi-line If/Then blocks, many GOTO jumps were
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''' able to be eliminated and the logic was able to be moved to more relevant areas,
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''' For example, the increment/decrement of the player's balance could be in the same
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''' area as the notification of win/loss.
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''' Some modern improvements were added, primarily the inclusion of a multiple
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''' subroutines and functions, which eliminates repeated logic and reduces
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''' then need for nested loops.
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'''
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''' Some modern improvements were added, primarily the inclusion of a function, which
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''' eliminated a thrice-repeated block of logic to display the card value. The archaic
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''' RND function is greatly simplified with the .NET Framework's Random class.
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''' The archaic RND function is greatly simplified with the .NET Framework's Random class.
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'''
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''' Elementary comments are provided for non-programmers or novices.
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''' </summary>
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Module Program
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Sub Main(args As String())
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' These are the variables that will hold values during the program's execution
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Dim input As String
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Dim rnd As New Random ' You can create a new instance of an object during declaration
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Dim currentBalance As Integer = 100 ' You can set a initial value at declaration
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Dim currentWager As Integer
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Dim cardA, cardB, cardC As Integer ' You can specify multiple variables of the same type in one declaration statement
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' Display the opening title and instructions
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' Use a preceding $ to insert calculated values within the string using {}
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Console.WriteLine($"{Space((Console.WindowWidth \ 2) - 10)}ACEY DUCEY CARD GAME")
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Console.WriteLine($"{Space((Console.WindowWidth \ 2) - 21)}CREATIVE COMPUTING MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("ACEY-DUCEY IS PLAYED IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER")
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Console.WriteLine("THE DEALER (COMPUTER) DEALS TWO CARDS FACE UP")
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Console.WriteLine("YOU HAVE AN OPTION TO BET OR NOT BET DEPENDING")
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Console.WriteLine("ON WHETHER OR NOT YOU FEEL THE CARD WILL HAVE")
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Console.WriteLine("A VALUE BETWEEN THE FIRST TWO.")
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Console.WriteLine("IF YOU DO NOT WANT TO BET, INPUT A 0")
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Do ' This loop continues as long as the player wants to keep playing
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Do ' This loop continues as long as the player has money to play
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine($"YOU NOW HAVE {currentBalance} DOLLARS.")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("HERE ARE YOUR NEXT TWO CARDS:")
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' We need to ensure that card B is a higher value for our later comparison,
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' so we will loop until we have two cards that meet this criteria
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Do
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cardA = rnd.Next(2, 14)
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cardB = rnd.Next(2, 14)
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Loop While cardA > cardB
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' We use a function to display the text value of the numeric card value
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' because we do this 3 times and a function reduces repetition of code
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Console.WriteLine(DisplayCard(cardA))
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Console.WriteLine(DisplayCard(cardB))
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Do ' This loop continues until the player provides a valid wager value
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("WHAT IS YOUR BET")
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currentWager = 0
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input = Console.ReadLine
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' Any input from the console is a string, but we require a number.
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' Test the input to make sure it is a numeric value.
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If Integer.TryParse(input, currentWager) Then
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' Test to ensure the player has not wagered more than their balance
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If currentWager > currentBalance Then
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, MY FRIEND, BUT YOU BET TOO MUCH.")
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Console.WriteLine($"YOU HAVE ONLY {currentBalance} DOLLARS TO BET.")
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Else
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' The player has provided a numeric value that is less/equal to their balance,
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' exit the loop and continue play
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Exit Do
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End If ' check player balance
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End If ' check numeric input
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Loop ' wager loop
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' If the player is wagering, draw the third card, otherwise, mock them.
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If currentWager > 0 Then
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cardC = rnd.Next(2, 14)
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Console.WriteLine(DisplayCard(cardC))
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' The effort we made to have two cards in numeric order earlier makes this check easier,
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' otherwise we would have to have a second check in the opposite direction
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If cardC < cardA OrElse cardC >= cardB Then
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, YOU LOSE")
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currentBalance -= currentWager ' Shorthand code to decrement a number (currentBalance=currentBalance - currentWager)
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Else
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Console.WriteLine("YOU WIN!!!")
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currentBalance += currentWager ' Shorthand code to increment a number (currentBalance=currentBalance + currentWager)
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End If
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Else
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Console.WriteLine("CHICKEN!!")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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End If
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Loop While currentBalance > 0 ' loop as long as the player has money
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' At this point, the player has no money (currentBalance=0). Inform them of such.
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("SORRY, FRIEND, BUT YOU BLEW YOUR WAD.")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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' We will loop to ensure the player provides some answer.
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Do
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Console.WriteLine("TRY AGAIN (YES OR NO)")
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Console.WriteLine("")
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input = Console.ReadLine
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Loop While String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input)
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' We will assume that the player wants to play again only if they answer yes.
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' (yeah and ya are valid as well, because we only check the first letter)
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If input.Substring(0, 1).Equals("y", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase) Then ' This allows upper and lower case to be entered.
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currentBalance = 100 ' Reset the players balance before restarting
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Else
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' Exit the outer loop which will end the game.
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Exit Do
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End If
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Loop ' The full game loop
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Console.WriteLine("O.K., HOPE YOU HAD FUN!")
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Sub Main()
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Call New AceyDucey().Play()
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End Sub
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' This function is called for each of the 3 cards used in the game.
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' The input and the output are both consistent, making it a good candidate for a function.
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Private Function DisplayCard(value As Integer) As String
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' We check the value of the input and run a block of code for whichever
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' evaluation matches
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Select Case value
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Case 2 To 10 ' Case statements can be ranges of values, also multiple values (Case 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)
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Return value.ToString
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Case 11
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Return "JACK"
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Case 12
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Return "QUEEN"
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Case 13
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Return "KING"
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Case 14
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Return "ACE"
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End Select
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' Although we have full knowledge of the program and never plan to send an invalid
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' card value, it's important to provide a message for the next developer who won't
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Throw New ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Card value must be between 2 and 14")
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End Function
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End Module
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