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https://github.com/coding-horror/basic-computer-games.git
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Merge pull request #312 from bornach/main
Ported 3D Tic Tac Toe to Python
This commit is contained in:
Jeff Atwood
406
88 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe/python/qubit.py
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406
88 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe/python/qubit.py
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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# Ported from the BASIC source for 3D Tic Tac Toe
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# in BASIC Computer Games, by David H. Ahl
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# The code originated from Dartmouth College
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from enum import Enum
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class Move(Enum):
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""" Game status and types of machine move """
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HUMAN_WIN = 0
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MACHINE_WIN = 1
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DRAW = 2
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MOVES = 3
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LIKES = 4
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TAKES = 5
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GET_OUT = 6
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YOU_FOX = 7
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NICE_TRY = 8
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CONCEDES = 9
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class Player(Enum):
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EMPTY = 0
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HUMAN = 1
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MACHINE = 2
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class TicTacToe3D:
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""" The game logic for 3D Tic Tac Toe and the machine opponent """
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def __init__(self):
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# 4x4x4 board keeps track of which player occupies each place
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# and used by machine to work out its strategy
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self.board = [0] * 64
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# starting move
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self.corners = [0, 48, 51, 3, 12, 60, 63, 15,
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21, 38, 22, 37, 25, 41, 26, 42]
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# lines to check for end game
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self.lines = [[0, 1, 2, 3],
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[4, 5, 6, 7],
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[8, 9, 10, 11],
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[12, 13, 14, 15],
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[16, 17, 18, 19],
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[20, 21, 22, 23],
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[24, 25, 26, 27],
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[28, 29, 30, 31],
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[32, 33, 34, 35],
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[36, 37, 38, 39],
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[40, 41, 42, 43],
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[44, 45, 46, 47],
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[48, 49, 50, 51],
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[52, 53, 54, 55],
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[56, 57, 58, 59],
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[60, 61, 62, 63],
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[0, 16, 32, 48],
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[4, 20, 36, 52],
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[8, 24, 40, 56],
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[12, 28, 44, 60],
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[1, 17, 33, 49],
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[5, 21, 37, 53],
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[9, 25, 41, 57],
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[13, 29, 45, 61],
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[2, 18, 34, 50],
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[6, 22, 38, 54],
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[10, 26, 42, 58],
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[14, 30, 46, 62],
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[3, 19, 35, 51],
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[7, 23, 39, 55],
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[11, 27, 43, 59],
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[15, 31, 47, 63],
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[0, 4, 8, 12],
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[16, 20, 24, 28],
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[32, 36, 40, 44],
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[48, 52, 56, 60],
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[1, 5, 9, 13],
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[17, 21, 25, 29],
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[33, 37, 41, 45],
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[49, 53, 57, 61],
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[2, 6, 10, 14],
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[18, 22, 26, 30],
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[34, 38, 42, 46],
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[50, 54, 58, 62],
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[3, 7, 11, 15],
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[19, 23, 27, 31],
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[35, 39, 43, 47],
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[51, 55, 59, 63],
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[0, 5, 10, 15],
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[16, 21, 26, 31],
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[32, 37, 42, 47],
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[48, 53, 58, 63],
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[12, 9, 6, 3],
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[28, 25, 22, 19],
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[44, 41, 38, 35],
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[60, 57, 54, 51],
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[0, 20, 40, 60],
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[1, 21, 41, 61],
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[2, 22, 42, 62],
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[3, 23, 43, 63],
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[48, 36, 24, 12],
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[49, 37, 25, 13],
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[50, 38, 26, 14],
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[51, 39, 27, 15],
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[0, 17, 34, 51],
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[4, 21, 38, 55],
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[8, 25, 42, 59],
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[12, 29, 46, 63],
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[48, 33, 18, 3],
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[52, 37, 22, 7],
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[56, 41, 26, 11],
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[60, 45, 30, 15],
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[0, 21, 42, 63],
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[15, 26, 37, 48],
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[3, 22, 41, 60],
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[12, 25, 38, 51]]
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def get(self, x, y, z):
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m = self.board[4*(4*z + y) + x]
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if m == 40:
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return Player.MACHINE
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elif m == 8:
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return Player.HUMAN
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else:
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return Player.EMPTY
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def move3D(self, x, y, z, player):
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m = 4*(4*z + y) + x
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return self.move(m, player)
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def move(self, m, player):
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if self.board[m] > 1:
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return False
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if player == Player.MACHINE:
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self.board[m] = 40
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else:
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self.board[m] = 8
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return True
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def get3DPosition(self, m):
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x = m % 4
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y = (m // 4) % 4
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z = m // 16
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return x, y, z
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def evaluateLines(self):
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self.lineValues = [0] * 76
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for j in range(76):
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value = 0
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for k in range(4):
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value += self.board[self.lines[j][k]]
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self.lineValues[j] = value
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def strategyMarkLine(self, i):
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for j in range(4):
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m = self.lines[i][j]
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if self.board[m] == 0:
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self.board[m] = 1
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def clearStrategyMarks(self):
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for i in range(64):
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if self.board[i] == 1:
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self.board[i] = 0
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def markAndMove(self, vlow, vhigh, vmove):
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"""
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mark lines that can potentially win the game for the human
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or the machine and choose best place to play
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"""
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for i in range(76):
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value = 0
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for j in range(4):
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value += self.board[self.lines[i][j]]
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self.lineValues[i] = value
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if vlow <= value < vhigh:
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if value > vlow:
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return self.moveTriple(i)
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self.strategyMarkLine(i)
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self.evaluateLines()
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for i in range(76):
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value = self.lineValues[i]
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if value == 4 or value == vmove:
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return self.moveDiagonals(i, 1)
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return None
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def machineMove(self):
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""" machine works out what move to play """
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self.clearStrategyMarks()
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self.evaluateLines()
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for value, event in [(32, self.humanWin),
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(120, self.machineWin),
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(24, self.blockHumanWin)]:
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for i in range(76):
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if self.lineValues[i] == value:
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return event(i)
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m = self.markAndMove(80, 88, 43)
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if m != None:
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return m
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self.clearStrategyMarks()
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m = self.markAndMove(16, 24, 11)
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if m != None:
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return m
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for k in range(18):
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value = 0
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for i in range(4*k, 4*k+4):
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for j in range(4):
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value += self.board[self.lines[i][j]]
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if (32 <= value < 40) or (72 <= value < 80):
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for s in [1, 0]:
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for i in range(4*k, 4*k+4):
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m = self.moveDiagonals(i, s)
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if m != None:
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return m
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self.clearStrategyMarks()
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for y in self.corners:
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if self.board[y] == 0:
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return (Move.MOVES, y)
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for i in range(64):
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if self.board[i] == 0:
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return (Move.LIKES, i)
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return (Move.DRAW, -1)
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def humanWin(self, i):
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return (Move.HUMAN_WIN, -1, i)
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def machineWin(self, i):
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for j in range(4):
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m = self.lines[i][j]
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if self.board[m] == 0:
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return (Move.MACHINE_WIN, m, i)
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return None
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def blockHumanWin(self, i):
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for j in range(4):
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m = self.lines[i][j]
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if self.board[m] == 0:
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return (Move.NICE_TRY, m)
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return None
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def moveTriple(self, i):
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""" make two lines-of-3 or prevent human from doing this """
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for j in range(4):
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m = self.lines[i][j]
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if self.board[m] == 1:
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if self.lineValues[i] < 40:
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return (Move.YOU_FOX, m)
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else:
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return (Move.GET_OUT, m)
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return (Move.CONCEDES, -1)
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# choose move in corners or center boxes of square 4x4
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def moveDiagonals(self, i, s):
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if 0 < (i % 4) < 3:
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jrange = [1, 2]
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else:
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jrange = [0, 3]
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for j in jrange:
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m = self.lines[i][j]
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if self.board[m] == s:
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return (Move.TAKES, m)
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return None
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class Qubit:
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def moveCode(self, board, m):
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x, y, z = board.get3DPosition(m)
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return "{:d}{:d}{:d}".format(z+1, y+1, x+1)
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def showWin(self, board, i):
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for m in board.lines[i]:
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print(self.moveCode(board, m))
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def showBoard(self, board):
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c = " YM"
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for z in range(4):
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for y in range(4):
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print(" " * y, end="")
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for x in range(4):
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p = board.get(x, y, z)
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print("({}) ".format(c[p.value]), end="")
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print("\n")
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print("\n")
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def humanMove(self, board):
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print("")
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c = "1234"
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while True:
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h = input("Your move?\n")
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if h == "1":
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return False
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if h == "0":
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self.showBoard(board)
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continue
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if (len(h) == 3) and (h[0] in c) and (h[1] in c) and (h[2] in c):
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x = c.find(h[2])
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y = c.find(h[1])
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z = c.find(h[0])
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if board.move3D(x, y, z, Player.HUMAN):
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break
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print("That square is used. Try again.")
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else:
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print("Incorrect move. Retype it--")
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return True
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def play(self):
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print("Qubic\n")
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print("Create Computing Morristown, New Jersey\n\n\n")
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while True:
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c = input("Do you want instructions?\n")
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if len(c) >= 1 and (c[0] in "ynYN"):
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break
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print("Incorrect answer. Please type 'yes' or 'no.")
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c = c.lower()
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if c[0] == 'y':
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print("The game is Tic-Tac-Toe in a 4 x 4 x 4 cube.")
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print("Each move is indicated by a 3 digit number, with each")
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print("digit between 1 and 4 inclusive. The digits indicate the")
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print("level, row, and column, respectively, of the occupied")
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print("place.\n")
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print("To print the playing board, type 0 (zero) as your move.")
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print("The program will print the board with your moves indicated")
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print("with a (Y), the machine's moves with an (M), and")
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print("unused squares with a ( ).\n")
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print("To stop the program run, type 1 as your move.\n\n")
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play_again = True
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while play_again:
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board = TicTacToe3D()
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while True:
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s = input("Do you want to move first?\n")
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if len(s) >= 1 and (s[0] in "ynYN"):
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break
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print("Incorrect answer. Please type 'yes' or 'no'.")
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skipHuman = s[0] in "nN"
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move_text = ["Machine moves to",
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"Machine likes",
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"Machine takes",
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"Let's see you get out of this: Machine moves to",
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"You fox. Just in the nick of time, machine moves to",
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"Nice try. Machine moves to"]
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while True:
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if not skipHuman:
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if not self.humanMove(board):
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break
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skipHuman = False
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m = board.machineMove()
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if m[0] == Move.HUMAN_WIN:
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print("You win as follows,")
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self.showWin(board, m[2])
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break
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elif m[0] == Move.MACHINE_WIN:
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print("Machine moves to {}, and wins as follows".format(self.moveCode(board, m[1])))
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self.showWin(board, m[2])
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break
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elif m[0] == Move.DRAW:
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print("The game is a draw.")
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break
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elif m[0] == Move.CONCEDES:
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print("Machine concedes this game.")
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break
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else:
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print(move_text[m[0].value - Move.MOVES.value])
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print(self.moveCode(board, m[1]))
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board.move(m[1], Player.MACHINE)
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self.showBoard(board)
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print(" ")
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while True:
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x = input("Do you want to try another game\n")
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if len(x) >= 1 and x[0] in "ynYN":
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break
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print("Incorrect answer. Please Type 'yes' or 'no'.")
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play_again = x[0] in "yY"
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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game = Qubit()
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game.play()
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