Check HMAC in smudge and diff commands

Git-crypt's position has always been that authentication is best left
to Git, since 1) Git provides immutable history based on SHA-1 hashes
as well as GPG-signed commits and tags, and 2) git-crypt can't be used
safely anyways unless the overall integrity of your repository is assured.

But, since git-crypt already has easy access to a (truncated) HMAC of the
file when decrypting, there's really no reason why git-crypt shouldn't
just verify it and provide an additional layer of protection.

commands.cpp

@@ -532,7 +532,26 @@ static int decrypt_file_to_stdout (const Key_file& key_file, const unsigned char
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	Aes_ctr_decryptor::process_stream(in, std::cout, key->aes_key, nonce);
+	Aes_ctr_decryptor	aes(key->aes_key, nonce);
+	Hmac_sha1_state		hmac(key->hmac_key, HMAC_KEY_LEN);
+	while (in) {
+		unsigned char	buffer[1024];
+		in.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer), sizeof(buffer));
+		aes.process(buffer, buffer, in.gcount());
+		hmac.add(buffer, in.gcount());
+		std::cout.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer), in.gcount());
+	}
+
+	unsigned char		digest[Hmac_sha1_state::LEN];
+	hmac.get(digest);
+	if (!leakless_equals(digest, nonce, Aes_ctr_decryptor::NONCE_LEN)) {
+		std::clog << "git-crypt: error: encrypted file has been tampered with!" << std::endl;
+		// Although we've already written the tampered file to stdout, exiting
+		// with a non-zero status will tell git the file has not been filtered,
+		// so git will not replace it.
+		return 1;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 

util.cpp

@@ -92,6 +92,23 @@ void*		explicit_memset (void* s, int c, std::size_t n)
 	return s;
 }
 
+static bool	leakless_equals_char (const unsigned char* a, const unsigned char* b, std::size_t len)
+{
+	volatile int	diff = 0;
+
+	while (len > 0) {
+		diff |= *a++ ^ *b++;
+		--len;
+	}
+
+	return diff == 0;
+}
+
+bool 		leakless_equals (const void* a, const void* b, std::size_t len)
+{
+	return leakless_equals_char(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(a), reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(b), len);
+}
+
 static void	init_std_streams_platform (); // platform-specific initialization
 
 void		init_std_streams ()

util.hpp

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ void		store_be32 (unsigned char*, uint32_t);
 bool		read_be32 (std::istream& in, uint32_t&);
 void		write_be32 (std::ostream& out, uint32_t);
 void*		explicit_memset (void* s, int c, size_t n);	// memset that won't be optimized away
+bool		leakless_equals (const void* a, const void* b, size_t len); // compare bytes w/o leaking timing
 void		init_std_streams ();
 mode_t		util_umask (mode_t);
 int		util_rename (const char*, const char*);