CS-Classes/CS202/Notes/struct

//struct creates a list of objects. 

//each object created takes the space of this data type. Each object is 12 bytes. 

Struct Clock {
	int hr;
	int min;
	int sec;
}; 
Clock obj1;
////////////////////////
#include<iostream>
Struct Clock {
        int hr;
        int min;
        int sec;
};

int main() {
	Clock myclock;
	myclock.hr = 5;
	myclock.min = 30;
	myclock.sec = 0;

	std::cout << myclock.hr << ";" << myclock.min << ";" << myclock.sec << "\n";
}
//////////////////////////
same but now class
class Clock {
public:
        int hr;
        int min;
        int sec;
}

int main() {
        Clock myclock;
        myclock.hr = 5;
        myclock.min = 30;
        myclock.sec = 0;

        std::cout << myclock.hr << ";" << myclock.min << ";" << myclock.sec << "\n";
}
/////////////////////////////////
Access modifiers
1. Private
2. Public
3. Protected
/////////////////////////////////
struct is public by default
class needs to be defined

class Clock {
private:
        int hr;
        int min;
        int sec;

public:
	void showTime() const;
	void setHr(int a) { hr = a; };
	void setMin(int a) { min = a; };
	void setSec(int a) { sec = a; };
};

int main() {
        Clock myclock, myclock2;
        myclock.hr = 5;
        myclock.min = 30;
        myclock.sec = 0;
	myclock.showTime(); 

        myclock2.hr = 5;
        myclock2.min = 30;
        myclock2.sec = 0;
        myclock2.showTime();
}

void Clock::showTime(); const{
        std::cout << myclock.hr << ";" << myclock.min << ";" << myclock.sec << "\n";
}
/////////////////////////////
std is the standard name space
namespace can superseed classes

Classname:: functionname.
|Scope|     |Name|

Private members of a class are only accessiblie by other members of the same class.

/////////////////////////////
//setters/mutations: 

class Clock {
private:
        int hr;
        int min;
        int sec;

public:
        void showTime() const;        
	void setHr(int a) { hr = a; };
        void setMin(int a) { min = a; };
        void setSec(int a) { sec = a; };
};

int main() {
        Clock myclock, myclock2;
        myclock.hr = 5;
        myclock.min = 30;
        myclock.sec = 0;
        myclock.showTime();

        myclock2.hr = 5;
        myclock2.min = 30;
        myclock2.sec = 0;
        myclock2.showTime();
}

void Clock::showTime(); const{
        std::cout << myclock.hr << ";" << myclock.min << ";" << myclock.sec << "\n";
}
void Clock::setHr(int a) {
	if(a < 0) {
	 hr = 0;
	} else if (a > 23) {
	 hr =23;
	} else {
	 hr = a;
}

void Clock::setMin(int a) {
        if(a < 0) {
         min = 0;
        } else if (a > 23) {
         min = 23;
        } else {
         min = a;
}

void Clock::setSec(int a) {
        if(a < 0) {
         sec = 0;
        } else if (a > 23) {
         sec = 23;
        } else {
         sec = a;
}
}
////////////////////////////////
//Getters/Accessors
class Clock {
private:
        int hr;
        int min;
        int sec;

public:
        void showTime() const;        
	void setHr(int)
        void setMin(int)
        void setSec(int)
        int getSec() const { return sec; }
        int getMin() const { return Min; }
        int getHr() const { return hr; }


};

int main() {
        Clock myclock, myclock2;
        myclock.setHr = 5;
        myclock.setMin = 30;
        myclock.setSec = 0;
        myclock.showTime();
        std::cout << "Seconds = " << muclock.getSec() << "\n"
//        myclock2.hr = 5;
//        myclock2.min = 30;
//        myclock2.sec = 0;
//        myclock2.showTime();
}

void Clock::showTime(); const{
        std::cout << myclock.hr << ";" << myclock.min << ";" << myclock.sec << "\n";
}
/////////////////////////
//constructors: has to be the same name as the class; constructs object from class.
//**Required** Default Constructor: runs whenever an object is created
//**Optional** Parameterized  Constructor: Constructor that accpets parameters
//Do not call member functions from a constructor it is undefined behavior. 
//**Required** Copy Constructor: Initalizes an object as a copu of another object of the same class.
//If the data within your class does not have predefined counstrctors, an implicit constructor WILL NOT be created
class Clock {
private:
        int hr;
        int min;
        int sec;

public:
        Clock();
        Clock(int hr, int min, int sec);
        clock();
        void showTime() const;        
	void setHr(int)
        void setMin(int)
        void setSec(int)
        int getSec() const { return sec; }
        int getMin() const { return Min; }
        int getHr() const { return hr; }
};

int main(){
        Clock myclock(999,111,333), myclock2;
        std::cout << "Clock : " << "\n";
        myclock.showTime();
        myclock.setHr(598902384);
        myclock.setMin(23432402384);
        myclock.setSec(6787687902384);
        myclock.showTime();

        //std::cout << "Seconds = " << myclock.getSec() << "\n";
        //myclock2.hr = 5;
        //myclock2.min = 30;
        //myclock2.sec = 0;
        //myclock2.showTime();
}

Clock::Clock(){
        hr = 10;
        min = 10;
        sec = 0; 
        std::cout << "Clock has been created" << "\n";
}
Clock::Clock 

Clock::Clock(int a, int b, int c){
        hr = 10;
        min = 10;
        sec = 0; 
}

void Clock::showTime(); const{
        std::cout << myclock.hr << ";" << myclock.min << ";" << myclock.sec << "\n";
}
void Clock::setHr(int a) {
	if(a < 0) {
	 hr = 0;
	} else if (a > 23) {
	 hr =23;
	} else {
	 hr = a;
}

void Clock::setMin(int a) {
        if(a < 0) {
         min = 0;
        } else if (a > 23) {
         min = 23;
        } else {
         min = a;
}

void Clock::setSec(int a) {
        if(a < 0) {
         sec = 0;
        } else if (a > 23) {
         sec = 23;
        } else {
         sec = a;
}
}
/////////////////////////////////////
//pointers




//////
//constructors
Class ClassA {
        ClassA()
        ClassA(....) - constructor
        ClassA() Const  - copy constructor

        int a; constructor
        int a(5); parametersised constructor
        int a = 5; 

        Clock myclock(2,3,4); - Initialized with param constructor.
        Clock my clock = Clock(2,3,4)
                         |param constructor|
       |Copy constructor|<-                
}
use constructor when starting an object
use a mutator/setter if you want to change something in a loop or array
You can use the value from the stream into set value, set energy cost, and set name

Diffrence between struct and class
struct is all public 
class is all private

static variables exsist once in memory.